A site-selective integration strategy for microdevices on conformable substrates

Yoon, Hyungsoo; Jeong, Sujin; Lee, Byeongmoon; Hong, Yongtaek

doi:10.1038/s41928-024-01159-3

Nat Electron

2024

DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01159-3

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A site-selective integration strategy for microdevices on conformable substrates

Hyungsoo Yoon,

Sujin Jeong,

Byeongmoon Lee

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

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A Flexible, Bioadhesive, and Breathable On‐Skin Battery Based on Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Wearable Electronics

Gao,

Wang,

Zen

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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On‐skin electronics rely on flexible power sources for stable operation and comfortable wearing. However, the current materials and device designs of on‐skin batteries for human‐interface electronic systems suffer from inadequate adhesion and impermeability. In this work, a general design of a bioadhesive and breathable on‐skin flexible metal‐air battery is presented. By laterally loading a conducting polymer‐based cathode and a zinc anode onto a biocompatible silk fibroin ionic hydrogel electrolyte film, the battery exhibits good epidermal adhesions (shear strength exceeds 20 kPa and interface toughness exceeds 150 J m−2) and excellent sweat breathability (3 times greater than commercial 3 M breathable dressing). A singular battery can generate an open circuit voltage of up to 1.4 V and a power density of 72 µW cm−2. It shows stable adhesion to the skin for five days, while simultaneously preserving epidermal respiratory function and facilitating natural skin movement. On‐skin integration of the battery array can be easily conducted to increase the electrical output. This battery design enhances the usability, comfort, and safety of wearable electronics, enabling new applications in healthcare, fitness tracking, and beyond.

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A Flexible, Bioadhesive, and Breathable On‐Skin Battery Based on Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Wearable Electronics

Gao,

Wang,

Zen

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Materials, Structure, and Interface of Stretchable Interconnects for Wearable Bioelectronics

Li,

Veronica,

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Since wearable technologies for telemedicine have emerged to tackle global health concerns, the demand for well‐attested wearable healthcare devices with high user comfort also arises. Skin‐wearables for health monitoring require mechanical flexibility and stretchability for not only high compatibility with the skin's dynamic nature but also a robust collection of fine health signals from within. Stretchable electrical interconnects, which determine the device's overall integrity, are one of the fundamental units being understated in wearable bioelectronics. In this review, a broad class of materials and engineering methodologies recently researched and developed are presented, and their respective attributes, limitations, and opportunities in designing stretchable interconnects for wearable bioelectronics are offered. Specifically, the electrical and mechanical characteristics of various materials (metals, polymers, carbons, and their composites) are highlighted, along with their compatibility with diverse geometric configurations. Detailed insights into fabrication techniques that are compatible with soft substrates are also provided. Importantly, successful examples of establishing reliable interfacial connections between soft and rigid elements using novel interconnects are reviewed. Lastly, some perspectives and prospects of remaining research challenges and potential pathways for practical utilization of interconnects in wearables are laid out.

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Mounting rigid microdevices on conformal substrates

Ding,

Hu,

Wang

2024

Matter

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A site-selective integration strategy for microdevices on conformable substrates

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

A Flexible, Bioadhesive, and Breathable On‐Skin Battery Based on Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Wearable Electronics

A Flexible, Bioadhesive, and Breathable On‐Skin Battery Based on Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Wearable Electronics

Materials, Structure, and Interface of Stretchable Interconnects for Wearable Bioelectronics

Mounting rigid microdevices on conformal substrates

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