Abstract:Co-circulation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and dengue fever has been reported. Accurate and timely multiplex diagnosis is required to prevent future pandemics. Here, we developed an innovative microfluidic chip that enables a snapshot multiplex immunoassay for timely on-site response and offers unprecedented multiplexing capability with an operating procedure similar to that of lateral flow assays. An open microchannel assembly of individually engineered microbeads was developed to construct nine hi… Show more
“…The versatility and advantages offered by nano/microbeads integrated in microfluidic devices have produced highly sensitive and multiplexed assays, some of them as POC platforms. For example, a device based on microbeads called MOnITOR can simultaneously detect antibodies against arboviruses (zika virus, dengue, and chikungunya) and SARS-CoV-2 in 30 min [253]. Another example is the volumetric bar-chart microfluidic chips (V-Chips), which display results in the form of bar graphs and are easy to visualize without the need for external optical instruments [248,259].…”
Section: Protein Biomarkersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Commonly, microbeads are used in suspension because their size allows one to mix them appropriately with the assay reagents and then be easily identified with flow cytometry [213,249,252]. When used in microfluidics, beads are typically retained inside the device by either (i) physical barriers patterned within the microfluidic chan-nel [253] and (ii) biorecognition approaches [214,231], or (iii) by external magnetic fields while using paramagnetic beads [215,254,255]. Additionally, nano/microbeads are chemically stable and easy to mass-produce using PMMA, gold, or polystyrene materials.…”
Section: Protein Biomarkersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another strategy to improve the LOD of microfluidicbased immunoassays is to increase the area available to immobilize biorecognition elements. In microfluidics, patterning nano/microstructures, such as bead or particle packing [251,253], nanowires [240,277], and carbon nanotubes [278,279], can greatly increase the available area for the immobilization of biorecognition elements. This approach has been shown to increase the number of immobilized molecules 100-fold compared to flat surfaces [209,214,215].…”
Biomarkers are relevant indicators of the physiological state of an individual.Although biomarkers can be found in diseased tissue and different biofluids, sampling from blood plasma is relatively easy and less invasive. Among the molecular biomarkers that can be found circulating in plasma are proteins, metabolites, nucleic acids, and exosomes. Some of these plasma-circulating biomarkers are now employed for patient stratification in a broad range of diseases with high sensitivity and specificity and are useful in early diagnosis, initial risk assessment, and therapy selection. However, there is a pressing need to develop novel approaches for biomarker analysis that can be translated into clinical or other settings without complex methodologies or instrumentation. Microfluidics has been touted as a promising technology to carry out this task because it offers high-throughput, automation, multiplexed detection, and portability, possibly overcoming the bottleneck that prevent the translation of novel biomarkers to the point-of-care (POC). Here, we provide a review of the microfluidic systems that have been engineered to detect circulating molecular biomarkers in blood plasma. We also review the different microfluidic approaches for plasma enrichment, which are now being integrated with microfluidic-based biomarker analyzers. Such integration should lead to
“…The versatility and advantages offered by nano/microbeads integrated in microfluidic devices have produced highly sensitive and multiplexed assays, some of them as POC platforms. For example, a device based on microbeads called MOnITOR can simultaneously detect antibodies against arboviruses (zika virus, dengue, and chikungunya) and SARS-CoV-2 in 30 min [253]. Another example is the volumetric bar-chart microfluidic chips (V-Chips), which display results in the form of bar graphs and are easy to visualize without the need for external optical instruments [248,259].…”
Section: Protein Biomarkersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Commonly, microbeads are used in suspension because their size allows one to mix them appropriately with the assay reagents and then be easily identified with flow cytometry [213,249,252]. When used in microfluidics, beads are typically retained inside the device by either (i) physical barriers patterned within the microfluidic chan-nel [253] and (ii) biorecognition approaches [214,231], or (iii) by external magnetic fields while using paramagnetic beads [215,254,255]. Additionally, nano/microbeads are chemically stable and easy to mass-produce using PMMA, gold, or polystyrene materials.…”
Section: Protein Biomarkersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another strategy to improve the LOD of microfluidicbased immunoassays is to increase the area available to immobilize biorecognition elements. In microfluidics, patterning nano/microstructures, such as bead or particle packing [251,253], nanowires [240,277], and carbon nanotubes [278,279], can greatly increase the available area for the immobilization of biorecognition elements. This approach has been shown to increase the number of immobilized molecules 100-fold compared to flat surfaces [209,214,215].…”
Biomarkers are relevant indicators of the physiological state of an individual.Although biomarkers can be found in diseased tissue and different biofluids, sampling from blood plasma is relatively easy and less invasive. Among the molecular biomarkers that can be found circulating in plasma are proteins, metabolites, nucleic acids, and exosomes. Some of these plasma-circulating biomarkers are now employed for patient stratification in a broad range of diseases with high sensitivity and specificity and are useful in early diagnosis, initial risk assessment, and therapy selection. However, there is a pressing need to develop novel approaches for biomarker analysis that can be translated into clinical or other settings without complex methodologies or instrumentation. Microfluidics has been touted as a promising technology to carry out this task because it offers high-throughput, automation, multiplexed detection, and portability, possibly overcoming the bottleneck that prevent the translation of novel biomarkers to the point-of-care (POC). Here, we provide a review of the microfluidic systems that have been engineered to detect circulating molecular biomarkers in blood plasma. We also review the different microfluidic approaches for plasma enrichment, which are now being integrated with microfluidic-based biomarker analyzers. Such integration should lead to
“…SNaPshot is an easily integrable SNP typing option for forensic laboratories that has readily available forensic human and non-human DNA assays [ 25 ]. At present, SNaPshot has been widely used in bacterial community identification [ 26 ], human disease correlation [ 27 ], and forensic medicine, but to date has not been widely used for plant genetics. In Arabidopsis thaliana , 17 uniformly-distributed SNP markers were constructed using multiple SNaPshot techniques were used to identify different varieties [ 28 ].…”
A genetic diversity analysis and identification of plant germplasms and varieties are important and necessary for plant breeding. Deoxyribonucleotide (DNA) fingerprints based on genomic molecular markers play an important role in accurate germplasm identification. In this study, Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF-seq) was conducted for a sugarcane population with 103 cultivated and wild accessions. In total, 105,325 genomic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were called successfully to analyze population components and genetic diversity. The genetic diversity of the population was complex and clustered into two major subpopulations. A principal component analysis (PCA) showed that these accessions could not be completely classified based on geographical origin. After filtration, screening, and comparison, 192 uniformly-distributed SNP loci were selected for the 32 chromosomes of sugarcane. An SNP complex genotyping detection system was established using the SNaPshot typing method and used for the precise genotyping and identification of 180 sugarcane germplasm samples. According to the stability and polymorphism of the SNPs, 32 high-quality SNP markers were obtained and successfully used to construct the first SNP fingerprinting and quick response codes (QR codes) for sugarcane. The results provide new insights for genotyping, classifying, and identifying germplasm and resources for sugarcane breeding
“…5,6 Microfluidic architectures have mostly been constructed using elastomers, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which has good biocompatibility, transparency, formability, and straightforward fabrication-related attributes, including curing and peel-off. 2,7 PDMS has a hydrophobic surface that has been utilized for oil−water separation and water-in-oil emulsification. 8,9 However, limitations of the intrinsic hydrophobic surface, including nonspecific fouling 10 and the need for bulky off-chip equipment for flow generation, 11 inhibit the progress in advanced applications that require hydrophilic surfaces, such as oil-in-water emulsification 12 and point-of-care (POC) diagnostics.…”
Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is used in microfluidics owing to its biocompatibility and simple fabrication. However, its intrinsic hydrophobicity and biofouling inhibit its microfluidic applications. Conformal hydrogel-skin coating for PDMS microchannels, involving the microstamping transfer of the masking layer, is reported herein. A selective uniform hydrogel layer with a thickness of ∼1 μm was coated in diverse PDMS microchannels with a resolution of ∼3 μm, maintaining its structure and hydrophilicity after 180 days (6 months). The wettability transition of PDMS was demonstrated through the switched emulsification in a flow-focusing device (water-in-oil [pristine PDMS] to oil-in-water [hydrophilic PDMS]). A one-step beadbased immunoassay was performed to detect the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IgG using a hydrogel-skin-coated point-of-care platform.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.