A single FPGA-based portable ultrasound imaging system for point-of-care applications

Kim, Gi-Duck; Yoon, Changhan; Kye, Sang-Bum; Lee, Youngbae; Kang, Jeeun; Yoo, Yangmo; Song, Tai-Kyong

doi:10.1109/tuffc.2012.2339

Cited by 112 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, a great caution will be needed to preserve the spectral features at individual wavelengths. (3) Embedding the LED-trPA on ultra-compact ultrasound systems will facilitate its clinical translation [21,22]. In this integrative phase, strict considerations on thermal and electrical interferences would be needed to be in a compact form factor.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-emitting diode-based transcranial photoacoustic measurement of sagittal sinus oxyhemoglobin saturation in hypoxic neonatal piglets

Kang

Koehler

Adams

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We present a light-emitting diode (LED)-based transcranial photoacoustic measurement (LED-trPA) of oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) saturation at superior sagittal sinus (SSS) in hypoxic neonatal piglets. The optimal LED imaging wavelengths and frame averaging scheme were determined based on in vivo characterization of transcranial sensitivity. Based on the framework (690/850 nm with >20 frame averaging), graded hypoxia was successfully identified in neonatal piglets in vivo with less than 10.0 % of root mean squared error (RMSE). This preclinical study suggests the feasibility of a rapid, cost-effective, and safe LED-trPA monitoring of perinatal hypoxia-ischemia and prompt interventions for clinical use.

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Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-emitting diode-based transcranial photoacoustic measurement of sagittal sinus oxyhemoglobin saturation in hypoxic neonatal piglets

Kang

Koehler

Adams

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In medical ultrasound imaging, there are trends to support the point-of-care diagnosis outside of hospitals, such as in the home, at a patient's bedside, in the battlefield, and in the emergency room [1]. This framework necessitates ultracompact form factor instrumented on highly integrated circuit chip solutions: field programmable gated array (FPGA) and application-specific integrated chip (ASIC) [2]- [10]. Along with this trend towards point-of-care diagnosis, having a high frame rate have been desired to enable more advanced imaging features, that need to compound or analyze temporal changes of ultrasound signals [11]- [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Parallel-Beamforming Based on Shared FIFO for Ultra-Compact Ultrasound Imaging Systems

Kang¹,

Kim²,

Yoon³

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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The realization of a parallel-beamforming (pBF) method in ultra-compact ultrasound imaging systems is challenging to achieve uncompromised beamforming accuracy in limited hardware and power resources. In this paper, we present a new hardware-and power-efficient pBF method that utilizes a shared first-in-first-out block on a post-fractional delay filtering architecture (pBF-sFIFO). For an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) rate given, the proposed pBF-sFIFO method yielded beamforming accuracy comparable to that by an unconstrained pBF (pBF-CON) method, with up to 15% less power consumption. Otherwise, a conventional time-sharing pBF method (pBF-TS) was more vulnerable to aliasing artifacts. Even though increasing ADC rate in the pBF-TS method could recover the beamforming accuracy, exponential need in power consumption was inevitable. Therefore, the pBF-sFIFO method would be an effective solution to enable advanced imaging features in ultra-compact ultrasound imaging systems. INDEX TERMS Hardware complexity, parallel-beamforming, point-of-care, power consumption, ultracompact ultrasound imaging systems.

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“…A single FPGA has been used in an ultrasound imaging system in order to meet the high processing requirements of the beamforming [10,11]. The beamforming algorithms need to be suitably optimized for the FPGA in terms of the memory size, the number of the logic gates and the data transferring speed to/from the FPGA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Optimal Computation of Ultrasound Image Reconstruction Using CPU and GPU

Techavipoo

Worasawate

Boonleelakul

et al. 2016

Sensors

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An ultrasound image is reconstructed from echo signals received by array elements of a transducer. The time of flight of the echo depends on the distance between the focus to the array elements. The received echo signals have to be delayed to make their wave fronts and phase coherent before summing the signals. In digital beamforming, the delays are not always located at the sampled points. Generally, the values of the delayed signals are estimated by the values of the nearest samples. This method is fast and easy, however inaccurate. There are other methods available for increasing the accuracy of the delayed signals and, consequently, the quality of the beamformed signals; for example, the in-phase (I)/quadrature (Q) interpolation, which is more time consuming but provides more accurate values than the nearest samples. This paper compares the signals after dynamic receive beamforming, in which the echo signals are delayed using two methods, the nearest sample method and the I/Q interpolation method. The comparisons of the visual qualities of the reconstructed images and the qualities of the beamformed signals are reported. Moreover, the computational speeds of these methods are also optimized by reorganizing the data processing flow and by applying the graphics processing unit (GPU). The use of single and double precision floating-point formats of the intermediate data is also considered. The speeds with and without these optimizations are also compared.

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A single FPGA-based portable ultrasound imaging system for point-of-care applications

Cited by 112 publications

References 22 publications

Light-emitting diode-based transcranial photoacoustic measurement of sagittal sinus oxyhemoglobin saturation in hypoxic neonatal piglets

Light-emitting diode-based transcranial photoacoustic measurement of sagittal sinus oxyhemoglobin saturation in hypoxic neonatal piglets

Efficient Parallel-Beamforming Based on Shared FIFO for Ultra-Compact Ultrasound Imaging Systems

Toward Optimal Computation of Ultrasound Image Reconstruction Using CPU and GPU

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