A single fluorescent chemosensor for multiple targets of Cu²⁺, Fe^2+/3+ and Al³⁺ in living cells and a near-perfect aqueous solution

Abstract

A sulfonate-based chemosensor 1 was designed and synthesized for sensing various analytes: Cu 2+ , Fe 2+/3+ and Al 3+ . Sensor 1 showed a high selectivity and sensitivity for the analytes in a near-perfect aqueous medium. Cu 2+ and Fe 2+/3+ could be monitored by fluorescence quenching of 1. It had sufficiently low detection limits (1.25 mM for Cu 2+ and 3.96 mM for Fe 3+ ), which were below the recommended levels of the World Health Organization for Cu 2+ (31.5 mM) and the Environmental Protection Agency for Fe 3+ (5.37 mM). 1 showed the high preferential selectivity for Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ in the presence of competitive metal ions without any interference. Importantly, pyrophosphate could be used to distinguish Fe 3+ from Cu 2+ . In addition, this sensor could monitor Al 3+ through fluorescence emission change. Moreover, 1 was successfully applied to quantify and image Al 3+ in water samples and living cells. Based on photophysical studies and theoretical calculations, the sensing mechanisms of 1 for Cu 2+ and Al 3+ were explained, respectively. a Condition: [1] ¼ 30 mmol L À1 in Bis-Tris buffer (10 mM, pH 7.0). b Prepared by deionized water, 300 mmol L À1 : Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , Hg 2+ , Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ . This journal isScheme 2 Proposed structures of 1-Cu 2+ and 1-Fe 2+/3+ complexes. Fig. 11 Energy-minimized structures of (a) 1, (b) 1-Cu 2+ and (c) 1-Al 3+ .This journal is

Turn-On Fluorescent Sensors for the Selective Detection of Al3+ (and Ga3+) and PPi Ions

“…Because of aluminum’s significant adverse impact on human health, the development of effective sensors for selective and sensitive detection of Al 3+ ion has received great interest . In this context, absorption- and emission-based sensors are considered to be pertinent for the detection of Al 3+ ion because they offer convenient, selective, and sensitive detection. , In particular, fluorescent “turn-on” chemosensors are not only desirable but also advantageous for the detection of Al 3+ ion. − Ga 3+ ion, belonging to the same group IIIA, has also been identified as a potential health hazard . Selective detection of both Al 3+ and Ga 3+ ions by a single chemosensor is rare but would be more relevant. , …”

Rhodamine 6G-based efficient chemosensor for trivalent metal ions (Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+) upon single excitation with applications in combinational logic circuits and memory devices

“…33 Over the past few decades, traditional techniques, like atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), have been used for heavy-metal-ion detection. [34][35][36][37] Compared with these complicated methods, optical probes are simple, low cost, highly sensitive and selective and one of the finest way of performing detection.…”

An efficient 2-aminothiazolesalicylaldehyde fluorescent chemosensor for Fe2+ ion detection and a potential inhibitor of NUDT5 signaling hormone for breast cancer cell and molecular keypad lock application

“…Iron is the most abundant metal found in the earth's crust next to aluminium. It is a major mineral required for human body for the development of immune system, synthesis of haemoglobin and transfer of electrons in photo physical process [2][3][4][5][6]. Due to its signi cant catalytic property iron is used as a catalyst in numerous reactions such as DNA and RNA synthesis, enzyme catalysis, and cellular metabolism [7].…”