A Single Fluorescent Chemosensor for Simultaneous Discriminative Detection of Gaseous Phosgene and a Nerve Agent Mimic

Abstract

A fluorescent chemosensor has been developed for discriminative detection of phosgene and a nerve agent mimic diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP), which was comprised of an anthracenecarboxyimide fluorophore and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) reaction site. Upon phosphorylation of OPD, the chemosensor displays an obvious fluorescence turn-on response toward DPC at 588 nm with instant response and a low detection limit (88 nM). By contrast, the chemosensor exhibits a colorimetric and fluorescence enhancement response at 500 nm toward phosgene with fast response (<2 min), high selectivity, and a low detection limit (72 nM). Furthermore, chemosensor-loaded test membrane was fabricated for real-time, portable and efficient discriminative detection of trace amounts of gaseous phosgene and DCP vapor with different optical responses.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Targeting Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Carboxylesterase 2 Detection in Drug-Induced Acute Liver Injury

“…Fluorescence imaging technology with its numerous advantages, such as good sensitivity, real-time detection, high spatiotemporal resolution, and noninvasive monitoring ability in living systems, has been widely applied in various disease diagnoses and therapies. − Fluorescent probes for monitoring CES2 have been developed for tissues and cell preparations; − however, measuring CES2 in the ER during some ER-associated diseases has been limited, because none of the CES2 fluorescent probes to date are ER targeting.…”

Sensitive and Visual Detection of Phosgene by a TICT‐Based BODIPY Dye with 8‐(o‐Hydroxy)aniline as the Active Site

“…Due to their low cost, specificity, high sensitivity, and ease of use, many fluorescent probes for phosgene have been reported [5] with two nucleophilic groups as the active site for the reaction, o ‐diamine (including one amine plus one o ‐aromatic nitrogen), [6a–y] one amine plus one o ‐hydroxy group, [7a–c] o ‐dihydroxy [8] group and others, [9a–l] and summarized in Table S1 in the Supporting Information. Among the largest class of probes, with o ‐phenylenediamine as the active site, would produce a similar fluorescence response to nitric oxide (NO), [6e, f] which induces o ‐phenylenediamine to form benzotriazole [10] …”

An amino-substituted 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole for the fluorescent detection of phosgene based on an ESIPT mechanism

“…Nowadays, fluorescent detection methods are well developed and widespread due to their easy manipulation, fast response, high sensitivity and selectivity, and the possibility of real-time detection. Among them, reports on the fluorescent detection of phosgene are still limited 12–14 and mainly based on: (i) twice carbamylation reactions of fluorescence probes, which employ o -phenylenediamine, 21 o -hydroxyaniline, 22 o -aminobenzyl amine, 23 catechol, 24 ethylenediamine, 25 ethanolamine 26 or other moieties 27 as reactive site; (ii) phosgene-promoted dehydration reaction of fluorescence probes, which employ oxime 28 or amide 29 as reactive site; and (iii) several other phosgene-induced reactions, including intermolecular reaction of two fluorophores, 30 intramolecular reaction of cinnamic acids, 31 ring opening reaction of benzimidazole-fused rhodamine dye 32 and Beckmann rearrangement of ketoxime 33 (Table S2 † ). However, most of these fluorescence probes are based on mechanisms of photoinduced electron transfer (PeT), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) or aggregation-induced emission (AIE), which might be disturbed by acetylating, 21 c phosphorylating agents 21 h or oxidizing chemicals, 21 e ,27 g resulting to false response.…”