A Single Dose of The Mango Leaf Extract Zynamite® in Combination with Quercetin Enhances Peak Power Output During Repeated Sprint Exercise in Men and Women

Abstract

The mango leaf extract rich in mangiferin Zynamite® improves exercise performance when combined with luteolin or quercetin ingested at least 48 h prior to exercise. To determine whether a single dose of Zynamite® administered 1 h before exercise increases repeated-sprint performance, 20 men and 20 women who were physically active were randomly assigned to three treatments following a double-blind cross-over counterbalanced design. Treatment A, 140 mg of Zynamite®, 140 mg of quercetin, 147.7 mg of maltodextrin, and 420 mg of sunflower lecithin; Treatment B, 140 mg of Zynamite®, 140 mg of quercetin, and 2126 mg of maltodextrin and Treatment C, 2548 mg of maltodextrin (placebo). Subjects performed three Wingate tests interspaced by 4 min and a final 15 s sprint after ischemia. Treatments A and B improved peak power output during the first three Wingates by 2.8% and 3.8%, respectively (treatment x sprint interaction, p = 0.01). Vastus Lateralis oxygenation (NIRS) was reduced, indicating higher O2 extraction (treatment × sprint interaction, p = 0.01). Improved O2 extraction was observed in the sprints after ischemia (p = 0.008; placebo vs. mean of treatments A and B). Blood lactate concentration was 5.9% lower after the ingestion of Zynamite® with quercetin in men (treatment by sex interaction, p = 0.049). There was a higher Vastus Lateralis O2 extraction during 60 s ischemia with polyphenols (treatment effect, p = 0.03), due to the greater muscle VO2 in men (p = 0.001). In conclusion, a single dose of Zynamite® combined with quercetin one hour before exercise improves repeated-sprint performance and muscle O2 extraction and mitochondrial O2. consumption during ischemia. No advantage was obtained from the addition of phospholipids.

Functional reserve and sex differences during exercise to exhaustion revealed by post‐exercise ischaemia and repeated supramaximal exercise

“…First, it may have done so by increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH) oxidase (NOX) and xanthine oxidase (XO) RONS production at the start of the exercise by an ischaemia-reperfusion mechanism, which may have elicited the production of OH• and H 2 O 2 through the Fenton reaction (Morales-Alamo & Calbet, 2014;Larsen et al 2016;Calbet et al 2020). This is supported by the fact that administration of polyphenolic compounds with potent direct (by quenching RONS) and indirect (by inhibiting XO and NOX RONS production) antioxidant effects enhances O 2 consumption and performance when subjects are requested to sprint maximally with normal blood flow after a short period of post-exhaustive exercise ischaemia (Gelabert-Rebato et al 2018;Gelabert-Rebato et al 2019b). Second, it may have exerted a negative influence by reducing the levels of muscle glycogen (Gejl et al 2014;Jensen et al 2020) due to the reliance on glycolysis to maintain cellular viability in the absence of O 2 (Morales-Alamo et al 2015).…”

“…2015; Gelabert‐Rebato et al . 2018, 2019 a , b ) as well as after 3–5 s recovery without occlusion (Coelho et al . 2015).…”

“…We define 'functional reserve' as the capacity to produce power at the same level or higher than reached at exhaustion. This functional reserve has been demonstrated in males by the capacity to perform sprint exercise at the end of an incremental exercise test to exhaustion followed by 10-60 s ischaemia, which impedes metabolic recovery (Morales-Alamo et al 2015;Gelabert-Rebato et al 2018, 2019a as well as after 3-5 s recovery without occlusion (Coelho et al 2015). It remains unknown, however, whether this functional reserve is also present in females after an exercise bout supposedly utilizing the totality of the anaerobic capacity (Medbo et al 1988;Medbo & Tabata, 1989).…”

Acute Effects of a Polyphenol-Rich Leaf Extract of Mangifera indica L. (Zynamite) on Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study

“…A number of recent studies have assessed the potential efficacy of a mango leaf extract standardized to a minimum of 60% mangiferin (Zynamite ® ). In terms of physical performance, several of these studies have assessed the ergogenic effects in humans of both acute [33][34][35][36] and longer-term supplementation [34] with this mango leaf extract combined with the polyphenols luteolin or quercetin. This research has demonstrated an improved performance during high intensity exercise [33][34][35], increased brain oxygenation [33,34], maximal aerobic capacity [33], increased muscle oxygen extraction [34,35] and the attenuation of muscle damage and improvements in the time course of decreased muscle performance [37].…”

Supplementation with a Mango Leaf Extract (Zynamite®) in Combination with Quercetin Attenuates Muscle Damage and Pain and Accelerates Recovery after Strenuous Damaging Exercise

“…It has been shown that Zynamite ® , a mango leaf extract rich in the natural polyphenol mangiferin, enhances sprint exercise performance when given in combination with luteolin or quercetin [17,18]. Furthermore, both polyphenolic combinations improved the response of human skeletal muscle to ischemia-reperfusion [17][18][19]. Mangiferin (2-bD-glucopyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) is a xanthone abundant in the leaf and pulp of mangoes, which is also present in other edible vegetables [20].…”