Two-dimensional conductive metal–organic
frameworks (2D
conductive MOFs) with π–d conjugations exhibit high electrical
conductivity and diverse coordination structures, making them constitute
a desirable platform for new electronic devices. Defects are inevitable
in the self-assembly process of 2D conductive MOFs. Arguably, defect
engineering that deliberately manipulates defects demonstrates great
potential to enhance the electrocatalytic activity of this family
of novel materials. Herein, a facile and universal defect engineering
strategy is proposed and demonstrated for metal vacancy regulation
of metal benzenehexathiolato (BHT) coordination polymer films. Controllable
metal vacancies can be produced by simply tuning the proton concentration
during the confined self-assembly process at the liquid–liquid
interface. This facile but universal defect design strategy has been
proven to be effective in a class of materials including Cu-BHT, Ni-BHT,
and Ag-BHT for physicochemical regulation. To further demonstrate
the feasibility and practicality in electrochemical applications,
the elaborately fabricated Cu-BHT films with abundant Cu vacancies
deliver competitive performance in electrocatalytic sensing of H2O2. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the Cu vacancies
act as effective active sites for adsorption and reduction of H2O2, and the tuned electronic structure boosts the
electrocatalytic reaction. The developed advanced sensing platform
confirms the excellent commercial potential of Cu-BHT sensors for
H2O2. The findings provide insights into the
molecular structure design of 2D conducting MOFs by defect engineering
and demonstrate the commercial potential of Cu-BHT electrochemical
sensors.