A simulation study of pearlite-to-austenite transformation kinetics in rapidly heated hot-rolled low carbon steel

Sharma, Sandeep; Nanda, Tarun; Adhikary, Manashi; Venugopalan, T.; Kumar, B. Ravi

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.06.025

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The martensitic phase is obtained by quenching the austenite from high temperature. The corner and edge of ferrite grains are the preferred sites for nucleation of austenite [35,36]. Owing to the restriction of surrounding martensite grains, the grain growth of ferrite was limited during the annealing.…”

Section: Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-strength heterogeneous structural dual-phase steel

et al. 2019

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The strengthening and ductilization of steels are of great importance to weight reduction of vehicles. In this work, the strength-ductility synergy of dual-phase (DP) steels was obtained by properly tailoring the structural heterogeneity, including the distribution and fraction of constituent phases. It was demonstrated that heterogeneous structural DP steels with high volume fraction of martensite (from 64 to 83%) led to a good combination of strength and ductility. Compared with the cold-rolled sheets, the tensile strength and uniform elongation of heterogeneous DP steel increased by 700 MPa (from 1.06 to 1.76 GPa) and 2.7% (from 1.3 to 4%), respectively. The contributions from back stress and effective stress were analyzed by cyclic loading-unloading experiments. The underlying deformation mechanism was discussed based on the results of mechanical test and microstructure observation.

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Section: Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-strength heterogeneous structural dual-phase steel

et al. 2019

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“…After the holding time at the peak temperature, the undissolved carbides in both occasions act as nucleation sites, which will lead to an ultrafine final microstructure. The carbides support the creation of new phases, such as bainite, mixed with martensite laths during the quenching process as discussed by Caballero et al [41] and Sharma et al [43]. The local chemical composition of the material after the ultrafast process is a crucial issue, because the local chemical compositions could affect the rate and temperature, by which phase transformations occur.…”

Section: Effect Of Rapid Heating On the Phase Transformation Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ultrafast Heating and Initial Microstructure Effect on Phase Transformation Evolution of a CrMo Steel

Papaefthymiou

Karamitros

Bouzouni

2019

Metals

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Main target of the present work is to elucidate the effect of both initial microstructure and heating rate on phase transformations that occur during ultrafast processing. For this purpose, two initial microstructures, a ferritic-pearlitic and a soft-annealed microstructure were considered. We applied different heating rates (10 °C/s, 200 °C/s, 300 °C/s) up to the peak austenitization temperature, θ ≅ 900 °C. The evolving microstructure is analysed via SEM and EBSD, whereas the carbide dissolution and austenite formation is simulated with Thermocalc® and DICTRA software. Data obtained in this research proves that, when the heating rate increases, the carbide dissolution rate is disseminated. Compared to a conventional heating rate, where the local chemical composition homogenizes as a result of diffusion, rapid reheating leads to intense segregation of the substitutional atoms at the cementite/austenite interface and turns diffusion to a sluggish process. This fact, combined to the infinitesimal time for diffusion, forms an inhomogeneous carbon distribution along the microstructure. This inhomogeneity is further enhanced by the presence of increased carbides’ size present in the initial microstructure. Due to rapid heating, these carbides cannot be decomposed since the diffusion distance of alloying elements increases and the diffusion of alloying elements is impeded during ultrafast heating, thus, remain undissolved at peak austenitization temperature. Their presence and effect in heterogeneous ferrite nucleation restrict austenite grain growth. Consequently, fine austenite grains in conjunction with their chemical heterogeneity lead to the coexistence of fine martensite, bainite laths and undissolved carbides in the final microstructure after quenching.

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“…Ultra-high-strength steels are used in the automotive and aerospace industries for better fuel economy and passenger safety. 1 Marageing steels are a special class of carbonless ultra-high-strength martensitic steels with an excellent combination of high strength, toughness, weldability, superior corrosion resistance and minimum distortion during hardening. 2–7 Due to these combinations of properties, marageing steel is preferred as a structural material for critical applications such as automobile, aerospace, nuclear and defence industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of multipass cold plastic deformation and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of C250 marageing steel for aerospace applications

Kasana

Pandey

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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The present investigation is aimed to reduce the cost of production of various components fabricated by using cold rolled C250 marageing steel in the aerospace applications like landing gears of aeroplane and spacecraft. As cast C250 marageing steel was forged and solution annealed as per the specification of the customer. Forged C250 steel was cold rolled from 15 to 300%. Microstructure analysis revealed that grains got refined and elongated in the direction of cold working. Cold drawing increases the hardness, tensile strength and yield strength. However, loss in ductility and impact strength was observed. Scanning electron microscope fractographs of tensile and impact samples showed elongation of the dimples in cold working direction. The increase in cold working reduces the size of dimples indicating the transformation of fracture nature from the ductile-to-brittle regime. At higher cold working, >170% led to intergranular tearing and resulted in a loss of impact and mechanical properties of the steel. Further, cryogenic treatment of cold rolled C250 steel delayed ageing causing increase in tensile and yield strength with a marginal loss in ductility. The cost estimation of C250 steel revealed a significant cost saving (Indian Rupees [INR] 7500/1000 kg) for components made from different diameters of cold rolled steel over the solution annealed steel.

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A simulation study of pearlite-to-austenite transformation kinetics in rapidly heated hot-rolled low carbon steel

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

A high-strength heterogeneous structural dual-phase steel

A high-strength heterogeneous structural dual-phase steel

Ultrafast Heating and Initial Microstructure Effect on Phase Transformation Evolution of a CrMo Steel

Effect of multipass cold plastic deformation and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of C250 marageing steel for aerospace applications

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