With the requirement of the research on the stealthy aircraft’s infrared characteristic, the design and analysis have got more attention. Depend on synthesizing the main factors, include the surface IR radiation, the scatter radiation from the environment, the temperature distribution and the coat distribution of the surface, which effect the stealthy capability, a stealthy aircraft’s IR characteristic simulation model was proposed. Based on MODTRAN, the environment radiation model was built and was used in the simulation model. Finally, the proposed simulation mode was used in design and optimizing one stealthy aircraft, using combined the muti-island genetic algorithm with the sequential quadratic programming. The results of the mid-wave and long-wave radiation were got separately. These results provided considerable reference for infrared stealthy aircraft’s design.