“…In cell formation literature, besides exact methods, many meta-heuristic techniques have been used. In some studies, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) [13,14], Bacteria Foraging Algorithm (BFA) [15], Genetic Algorithm (GA) [11,16], Simulated Annealing (SA) [17,18] techniques were used. In addition, some hybrid [19] and stochastic approaches [20,21] are also presented to solve the cell formation problem.…”