A simplified method for determination of tetrabromobisphenol A and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human plasma and serum

Thomsen, Cathrine; Lundanes, Elsa; Becher, Georg

doi:10.1002/1615-9314(20010401)24:4<282::aid-jssc282>3.0.co;2-d

Cited by 47 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Its consumption is expected to grow continuously as electronic products become more popular than ever before and the life cycles of these electronic devices become shorter. Because of its widespread use, high lipophilicity, and environmental persistency, TBBPA has been detected in various environmental matrices, such as sewage sludge (Oberg et al, 2002;Morris et al, 2004), sediments (Luo et al, 2010b), air (Sjodin et al, 2001;Inoue et al, 2006) and human blood (Thomsen et al, 2001;Jakobsson et al, 2002;Hayama et al, 2004). For instance, Morris et al (2004) reported a level of 100 lg kg À1 of TBBPA in sewage sludge from North Sea Estuaries; Luo et al (2010b) found 3.8-255 ng g À1 of the pollutant in freshwater sediments from Dongjiang River; Sjodin et al (2001) Safe disposal and recycling of electrical wastes (e-wastes) and other BFR containing wastes become urgent as the amount of TBBPA-containing e-wastes increases rapidly in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive debromination of tetrabromobisphenol A by Pd/Fe bimetallic catalysts

Huang

Peng

et al. 2013

Chemosphere

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive debromination of tetrabromobisphenol A by Pd/Fe bimetallic catalysts

Huang

Peng

et al. 2013

Chemosphere

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“…For samples of serum and milk, the clean‐up process focuses on lipid removal. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), sulfuric acid, or acidified silica treatments are generally used for lipid removal . For instrumental analysis, GC–MS is the most commonly used technique for PBDE congener analysis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For sample extraction and clean-up, multistage liquid-liquid extraction with solvents of diverse polarity is commonly used to extract BFRs from blood samples [4]. Alternatively, SPE has also been used for the determination of acidic and neutral BFRs from human plasma and serum [5]. Solid-liquid extraction is a reliable methodology for extracting samples containing a lot of fat due to its general robustness and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), sulfuric acid, or acidified silica treatments are generally used for lipid removal [4,5,7]. For instrumental analysis, GC-MS is the most commonly used technique for PBDE congener analysis [5,8]. The analysis of HBCDs and TBBPA has also been reported using GC-MS [5,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instrumental analysis, GC-MS is the most commonly used technique for PBDE congener analysis [5,8]. The analysis of HBCDs and TBBPA has also been reported using GC-MS [5,9]. However, because TBBPA is a relatively polar molecule with two phenolic hydroxyl groups, acidification and derivatization are compulsory before GC analysis can be performed [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concurrent extraction, clean‐up, and analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hexabromocyclododecane isomers, and tetrabromobisphenol A in human milk and serum

Shi

Wang

Niu

et al. 2013

J of Separation Science

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A method has been developed and validated for the concurrent extraction, clean-up, and analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), α-, β-, and γ-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in human milk and serum. Milk and serum samples were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction with acetone/hexane 1:1, v/v and liquid-liquid extraction with methyl-tert-butyl ether/hexane 1:1, v/v, respectively. The removal of co-extracted biogenic materials was achieved by gel permeation chromatography followed by sulfuric acid treatment. The fractionation of the PBDEs and HBCD/TBBPA was performed using a Supelco LC-Si SPE cartridge. The detection of the PBDEs was then performed by GC-MS and that of the HBCDs and the TBBPA was performed using UPLC-MS/MS. The pretreatment procedure was optimized, and the characteristic ions and fragmentation of the analytes were studied by MS or MS/MS. A recovery test was performed using a matrix spiking test at concentrations of 0.05-10 ng/g. The recoveries ranged from 78.6-108.8% with RSDs equal to or lower than 14.04%. The LODs were 1.8-60 pg/g. The usefulness of the developed method was tested by the analysis of real human samples, and several brominated flame retardants in different samples were detected and analyzed.

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A Total Solution to Baseline Separation of 20 Brominated Flame Retardant Additives in Electronic Products with Automated Soxhlet Hot Extraction and Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry

Shuai

Zhao

Luo

et al. 2012

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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An efficient and reliable separation technique based on automated Soxhlet hot extraction (AHSE) was developed and validated. It can be applied to rapid separations of 20 persistent organic pollutants, including two types of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) contained in nonmetallic component parts of electronic products. The qualitative chromatographic analyses were carried out by using a gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS). The 20 persistent organic pollutants were simultaneously and completely separated by a 15 meter HP-5MS short capillary column in 25 minutes. Through the tests of extraction performance, effects of solvent and extraction time on selected BFRs were investigated; toluene and 120 min extraction time were chose as the optimum conditions. Besides, this article examines the influence of temperature on the chromatographic analysis, the optimum temperature parameters were 280°C and 320°C for injector and column, respectively. The ASHE-GCMS method was validated for the analysis of the certified reference material of CRM8110-a and IRMM310. The limits of detection (LOD) for polymer sample was 0.55-4.50 µg mL -1 ; linearity range from 0.11 to 16 µg mL -1 . The proposed methodology can fully meet the requirement of relational directives.

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A simplified method for determination of tetrabromobisphenol A and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human plasma and serum

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

Reductive debromination of tetrabromobisphenol A by Pd/Fe bimetallic catalysts

Reductive debromination of tetrabromobisphenol A by Pd/Fe bimetallic catalysts

Concurrent extraction, clean‐up, and analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hexabromocyclododecane isomers, and tetrabromobisphenol A in human milk and serum

A Total Solution to Baseline Separation of 20 Brominated Flame Retardant Additives in Electronic Products with Automated Soxhlet Hot Extraction and Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry

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