A Simplified Comorbidity Evaluation Predicting Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic associated with anxiety and depression among Non-Hispanic whites with chronic conditions in the US

“…( Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021a ) Those with chronic conditions are at higher risk for COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and mortality. ( Kirby et al , 2021 ) Thus, the COVID-19 related risk and risk perception can make adults with chronic conditions more vulnerable to anxiety and depression. ( Alessi et al , 2020 ; Wong et al , 2020 ) Some studies have reported the association of chronic diseases to anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Process Improvement Approaches for Increasing the Response of Emergency Departments against the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

“…Furthermore, COVID-19 brought about a change in the practices performed in the ED, increasing the workload in such a way that a new distribution is generated; in this regard, Liu et al [75] proposed an intelligent quarantine station reducing the processing times experienced along with the ED patient journey. Other works presenting solutions from the MLDA domain can be consulted in Kirby et al [71], Joshi et al [69], and Van Klaveren et al [95] who performed a logistic regression model to identify variables associated with discharge appropriateness and optimization of healthcare ED resources during the pandemic. Other useful single-approached proposals can be found in Alfaro-Martinez et al [43], Freund et al [61], Brendish et al [49], Esposito et al [59], Gordon et al [66], Levine et al [74], Carlile et al [51], and García de Guadiana-Romualdo et al [63].…”

Validation of a simplified comorbidity evaluation predicting clinical outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 – A multicenter retrospective observation study

“…Many chronic diseases were not reported to be directly associated with COVID severity (i.e., peptic ulcer disease). As such, a novel simplified comorbidity index (CCC: COVID-related high-risk Chronic Conditions) was reported recently [ 19 ]. This simple comorbidity index first screened all potential chronic diseases associated with COVID severity cited in previous reports, then used the number of chronic diseases patients suffered as a possible indicator for clinical outcome predictions [ 19 ].…”

“…As such, a novel simplified comorbidity index (CCC: COVID-related high-risk Chronic Conditions) was reported recently [ 19 ]. This simple comorbidity index first screened all potential chronic diseases associated with COVID severity cited in previous reports, then used the number of chronic diseases patients suffered as a possible indicator for clinical outcome predictions [ 19 ]. The study showed that its performance accuracy was not inferior to those of the CCI or ECI, [ 19 ] meaning it did not perform worse than the CCI or ECI.…”

“…This simple comorbidity index first screened all potential chronic diseases associated with COVID severity cited in previous reports, then used the number of chronic diseases patients suffered as a possible indicator for clinical outcome predictions [ 19 ]. The study showed that its performance accuracy was not inferior to those of the CCI or ECI, [ 19 ] meaning it did not perform worse than the CCI or ECI. However, this was a single-center study without larger-scale external validations.…”