A Simple Virtual-Vector-Based PWM Formulation for Multilevel Three-Phase Neutral-Point-Clamped DC–AC Converters including the Overmodulation Region

Busquets‐Monge, Sergio

doi:10.3390/electronics11040641

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…For NPC MLI topologies used for different BEVs, the battery bank was configured as a serial connection of one, two, or three standard 300-V battery packs. The 2-level inverter was operated with standard space vector modulation strategy and NPC MLI with virtual vector PWM strategy [48], which can guarantee well-balanced power extract from each 300-V standard battery pack forming DC link, thus maintaining a good SoC balancing of all series connected battery elements to support the extended battery pack life. The presented results of the study confirm the superiority of NPC MLI over 2-level inverters in terms of modularity, battery SoC balancing, and strong potential for reduction of inverter losses, reduction of THD of electric motor voltage, and RMS common-mode voltage, while NPC MLI shows shortcomings regarding inverter complexity requiring an efficient and reliable assembly approach.…”

Section: A 3-level Npc MLI Versus 2-level Invertermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on the State-of-the-Art and Future Trends of Multilevel Inverters in BEVs

2023

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All electric vehicles are the only way to decarbonize transport quickly and substantially. Although multilevel inverters have already been used in some transportation modes, they are rarely used in road transportation, especially in light-duty passenger BEVs. With the transition to a high 800-V DC link to extend the driving range and enable extreme fast charging, the possibility of using multilevel inverters in commercial light-duty passenger BEVs becomes feasible. Higher efficiency, higher power density, better waveform quality, lower switching frequency, the possibility of using low-rated switches, and inherent fault tolerance are known advantages of multilevel inverters that make them an efficient option for replacing 2-level inverters in high DC link passenger BEVs. This paper discusses high DC link voltage benefits in light-duty passenger BEVs, presents the state-of-the-art of different conventional multilevel inverter topologies used in BEVs, and compares them with conventional 2-level inverters from different aspects and limitations. Based on commercial upper-class passengers’ BEV data and a review of multilevel inverters on the market, future trends and possible research areas are identified.

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Section: A 3-level Npc MLI Versus 2-level Invertermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on the State-of-the-Art and Future Trends of Multilevel Inverters in BEVs

2023

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“…It is assumed that the multilevel three-phase NPC traction inverter is operated using a virtual-vector pulse width modulation (VV-PWM) strategy [17]. This VV-PWM strategy can operate with elementary dc-link voltages different in value without introducing lowfrequency distortion in the ac line-to-line voltages [18], and it can also guarantee a balanced power extracted from each battery pack forming the dc-link.…”

Section: Powertrain Design Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the sake of simplicity, the failure rate is assumed to be constant and independent of the current, temperature, and switching frequency of the device. It is also assumed that the MOSFETs always fail in It is assumed that the multilevel three-phase NPC traction inverter is operated using a virtual-vector pulse width modulation (VV-PWM) strategy [17]. This VV-PWM strategy can operate with elementary dc-link voltages different in value without introducing lowfrequency distortion in the ac line-to-line voltages [18], and it can also guarantee a balanced power extracted from each battery pack forming the dc-link.…”

Section: Assumptions For the Mosfet Models Parameters And Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Vehicle Powertrains with Modular Battery Banks Tied to Multilevel NPC Inverters

et al. 2023

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Nowadays, the internal combustion engine in vehicles is being replaced by electric motors, giving way to the electric vehicle, which results in reduced environmental impact, higher efficiency and lower emission of greenhouse gases. The powertrain of an electric vehicle is its most prominent subsystem, with the batteries and traction inverter being key components. Thus, due to their relevance, advances in the design of both components are of paramount importance. In this paper, the potential benefits achieved through a powertrain design approach based on combining a modular battery bank with multilevel NPC traction inverter topologies were analyzed, in comparison to a conventional two-level powertrain design. Several aspects were analyzed: modularity, complexity, battery-pack state-of-charge balancing, inverter loss, motor ac voltage harmonic distortion, motor common-mode voltage and reliability. Particularly, from the comparison study developed under the selected design scenario, the proposed design approach, based on modular battery packs and multilevel technology, shows a potential reduction of up to 55% in inverter losses, up to 65% in motor ac-voltage total harmonic distortion, and up to 75% in rms common-mode voltage.

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“…The neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter, flying capacitor (FC) inverter and T-type inverter are traditional three-level inverters which have been widely employed in industrial application. The NPC inverter is generally adopted in centralized PV grid-tied inverters because of its simple operation principle and high power level capability [8,9], which are different from the demands of PV string inverters. When used in low bus voltage applications, the T-type inverter is suitable on account that it can reach a higher work frequency, higher conversion efficiency, and higher power density [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Modulation Strategy for an Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Five-Level Converter in a 1500 V PV System

Chen

Yang

2022

Electronics

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With the development of 1500 V photovoltaic (PV) systems in recent decades, multilevel inverters such as the five-level inverter have gained much attention for their higher equivalent output frequency and low semiconductor devices’ voltage stress. Among five-level inverters, the active neutral-point-clamped five-level (ANPC-5L) inverter is very competitive due to its simple structure and control methods. However, with its conventional commutation strategy, the topology of the ANPC five-level converter has the security risk of overvoltage in the power device when switching to dead time under special conditions, which affects the reliability and safety of the switch state switching process. In this paper, this issue is analyzed in detail and a modified commutation strategy is proposed. Meanwhile, a novel soft start-up method adopted to an ANPC-5L inverter is also proposed. A prototype is also set up to analyze the issue of traditional switching commutation strategies and to verify the effectiveness of the proposed commutation strategy and the soft start-up method.

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A Simple Virtual-Vector-Based PWM Formulation for Multilevel Three-Phase Neutral-Point-Clamped DC–AC Converters including the Overmodulation Region

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

A Survey on the State-of-the-Art and Future Trends of Multilevel Inverters in BEVs

A Survey on the State-of-the-Art and Future Trends of Multilevel Inverters in BEVs

Electric Vehicle Powertrains with Modular Battery Banks Tied to Multilevel NPC Inverters

A Modified Modulation Strategy for an Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Five-Level Converter in a 1500 V PV System

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