A simple, universal and multifunctional template agent for personalized treatment of bone tumors

Abstract

Bone tumors occur in bone or its accessory tissues. Benign bone tumors are easy to cure and have good prognosis, while malignant bone tumors develop rapidly and have poor and high mortality. So far, there is no satisfactory treatment method. Here, we designed a universal template vector for bone tumor therapy that simultaneously meets the needs of bone targeting, tumor killing, osteoclast suppression, and tumor imaging. The template is composed of a polydopamine (PDA) core and a multifunctional surface. PDA has excellent biosafety and photothermal performance. In this study, alendronate sodium (ALN) is grafted to enable its general bone targeting function. PDA core can carry a variety of chemotherapy drugs, and the rich ALN group can carry a variety of metal ions with an imaging function. Therefore, more personalized treatment plans can be designed for different bone tumor patients. In addition, the PDA core enables photothermal therapy and enhanced chemotherapy. Through template drug Doxorubicin (DOX) and template imaging ion Fe (Ⅱ), we systematically verified the therapeutic effect, imaging effect, and inhibition of bone dissolution of the agent on Osteosarcoma (OS), a primary malignant bone tumor, in vivo . In conclusion, our work provides a more general template carrier for the clinical treatment of bone tumors, through which personalized treatment of bone tumors can be achieved.

The Integration of Nanomedicine with Traditional Chinese Medicine: Drug Delivery of Natural Products and Other Opportunities

“…6,79−83 This type of nanostructure, known as theranostic nanomaterials, is perfectly suited for matching the requirements of personalized medicine, which is pushing a shift in the R&D approaches for new drug developments. 63,64,75,84,85 Importantly, this shift is more aligned with the holistic perspective adopted by TM. Furthermore, with the engineering of the materials at the nanoscale, new nanoparticles can be designed to package and transport drugs directly to the site of action inside the body, which allow to decrease the dose of the drug and minimize side effects.…”

“…Especially important is the possibility to unify in a single multimodal/multifunctional nanosized particle diagnosis − and different therapy modalities (chemo-, thermo-, radio-, immune-, etc. ), which is garnering vast interest from researchers and pharmaceutical companies. ,− This type of nanostructure, known as theranostic nanomaterials, is perfectly suited for matching the requirements of personalized medicine, which is pushing a shift in the R&D approaches for new drug developments. ,,,, Importantly, this shift is more aligned with the holistic perspective adopted by TM. Furthermore, with the engineering of the materials at the nanoscale, new nanoparticles can be designed to package and transport drugs directly to the site of action inside the body, which allow to decrease the dose of the drug and minimize side effects.…”

“…The challenges for the clinical translation of medicine that incorporate nanomaterials and products from TCM are not different from those faced by nanomedicines and TCM separately. As reviewed recently for the case of nanomedicines and herbal medicines, , the critical determinants that need to be carefully addressed to translate the nano-TCM products to the clinical practice are related to their toxicity, safety, and fate in the long term as well as their pharmacokinetics, i.e., the development of ADME models to the understand their precise biodistribution and evolution inside the human body. In addition, nano-TCM products will need to be produced under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions.…”

Phototherapy techniques for the management of musculoskeletal disorders: strategies and recent advances

“…This synergistic approach significantly improves the anti-tumor efficacy, showing great promise in treating chemotherapy-resistant bone tumors [ 95 ]. By employing strategies like surface modification and the addition of targeting ligands, functionalized light-responsive drug delivery systems demonstrate high drug delivery rates, extended blood circulation time, increased bone tumor accumulation, and reduced side effects [ 96 , 97 ]. Sun et al developed a dopamine and bone-targeting ligand-modified light-responsive drug delivery system (BTZ/Fe 2+ @BTF/ALD) loaded with the CDT catalyst (Fe 2+ ) and anticancer drug bortezomib (BTZ) for targeted PTT/chemotherapy/CDT for breast cancer bone metastasis [ 92 ].…”

“…Such a system can provide structural information and spatial tumor location, guiding treatment decisions and enabling real-time monitoring of the treatment process, enabling precise treatment and improving patient prognosis. Liu et al developed multifunctional nanoparticles (PDA-ALN/DOX) composed of polydopamine (PDA), doxorubicin (DOX), and ALN [ 97 ]. PDA displayed good photothermal conversion and drug-carrying capacity.…”