A simple salicylaldehyde-bearing pyrazine as a turn-on fluorescent chemosensor for Al³⁺ and Zn²⁺ recognition and its applications

Abstract

A simple fluorescent chemosensor, 5-(diethylamino)-2-((2-(pyrazin-2-yl) hydrazono)methyl)phenol, has been synthesized by Schiff-base condensation reaction. The chemosensor exhibited highly selective and sensitive “off-on” fluorescent responses toward Al3+ and Zn2+ but the signal of fluorescence emission varies. The detection limits were found to be 2.33 × 10−7 M for Al3+ and 1.68 × 10−7 M for Zn2+, respectively. The binding mechanisms between chemosensor and Al3+ or Zn2+ ions were supported by Job′s, 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and MS experiments. The sensing behavior was also studied with molecular logic functions of OR, AND, and NOT gates. In addition, the chemosensor was able to detect Al3+ and Zn2+ by producing distinct color changes observed by the naked eye on sensor-coated swabs. Moreover, the chemosensor was successfully applied to effectively detect Al3+ and Zn2+ in actual water and drug samples.

A Simple and Rapid Quinoline Schiff Base as a Fluorescent Probe for Zn2+ and Its Application in Test Strips

“…Based on the above results, we attempted to further build a molecular logic gate. [71] Zn 2 + and EDTA were used as inputs, and the fluorescence signal at 571 nm as output in the molecular logic circuit (Figure 7c). For the input, the presence and absence of Zn 2 + and EDTA were assigned as 1 and 0, respectively.…”

Turn-on detection of Al3+ ions using quinoline-based tripodal probe: mechanistic investigation and live cell imaging applications

“…7–9 Al-based food additives, pharmaceuticals, cooking utensils, containers and contaminated drinking water are the key sources allowing the entry of this metal in living beings. 10–14 Though Al is a non-essential element to humans, anthropogenic activities result in increased Al 3+ -based pollution causing adverse health effects, e.g. , Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and even breast cancer.…”

Turn-on detection of Al3+ and Zn2+ ions by a NSN donor probe: reversibility, logic gates and DFT calculations

“…22–24 Despite being a non-essential element to humans, it is widely used in water treatment, cooking utensils, pharmaceuticals, food additives, the packaging industry and alloy manufactures. 25–29 Due to its large scale usage, Al has been listed as a food pollutant by the WHO, and thus, the daily intake of Al has been set as 3–10 mg per day. 30 Its ionic form ( i.e.…”