A simple, rapid, low-cost diagnostic test for sickle cell disease

Yang, Xiaoxi; Kanter, Julie; Piety, Nathaniel Z.; Benton, Melody; Vignes, Seth M.; Shevkoplyas, Sergey S.

doi:10.1039/c3lc41302k

Cited by 71 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The NHLBI Small Business Innovation Research grant program 24 has stimulated development of POC diagnostics for SCA, and several devices have encouraging preliminary results. [25][26][27][28][29] Beyond reported successes and accuracy in controlled laboratory settings, these preliminary findings must be validated in "real world" African settings, to confirm that the devices produce reliable results in the hands of those who will use them. Such efforts are ongoing through partnered research, and we predict that within 3 years, several accurate POC devices will be validated and ready for widespread use across sub-Saharan Africa.…”

Section: Improving Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa: advancing the clinical paradigm through partnerships and research

McGann

Hernandez

Ware

2017

Blood

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Section: Improving Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa: advancing the clinical paradigm through partnerships and research

McGann

Hernandez

Ware

2017

Blood

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“…Standard diagnostic procedures, such as hemoglobin electrophoresis (HE) or HPLC, which are used in well-equipped facilities to detect SCD, are unfeasible in lowresource settings-where the disease is highly prevalent-and simpler methods, such as solubility tests, do not differentiate between SCD and the nondisease, sickle cell trait (Hb AS). This unmet need has motivated the recent development of creative diagnostic methods for SCD using blood stains on paper devices (10) and hemolysis in solutions of sucrose (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Density-based separation in multiphase systems provides a simple method to identify sickle cell disease

Kumar¹,

Patton²,

Hennek³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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107

123

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Although effective low-cost interventions exist, child mortality attributable to sickle cell disease (SCD) remains high in low-resource areas due, in large part, to the lack of accessible diagnostic methods. The presence of dense (ρ > 1.120 g/cm 3 ) cells is characteristic of SCD. The fluid, self-assembling step-gradients in density created by aqueous multiphase systems (AMPSs) identifies SCD by detecting dense cells. AMPSs separate different forms of red blood cells by density in a microhematocrit centrifuge and provide a visual means to distinguish individuals with SCD from those with normal hemoglobin or with nondisease, sickle-cell trait in under 12 min. Visual evaluation of a simple two-phase system identified the two main subclasses of SCD [homozygous (Hb SS) and heterozygous (Hb SC)] with a sensitivity of 90% (73-98%) and a specificity of 97% (86-100%). A threephase system identified these two types of SCD with a sensitivity of 91% (78-98%) and a specificity of 88% (74-98%). This system could also distinguish between Hb SS and Hb SC. To the authors' knowledge, this test demonstrates the first separation of cells by density with AMPSs, and the usefulness of AMPSs in point-of-care diagnostic hematology.polymers | erythrocytes | sickle cell anemia | cell sorting | density gradient centrifugation

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“…Hg S from sickled red blood tends to polymerize and entangle with each other. Thus, they are concentrated in the center of the blood stain while soluble Hg creates the periphery rings surrounding the dark center [56].…”

Section: Anemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of inexpensive blood imaging systems: where are we now?

Chu

Smith

Wachsmann‐Hogiu

2015

Expert Review of Medical Devices

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Clinical applications in the developing world, such as malaria and anemia diagnosis, demand a change in the medical paradigm of expensive care given in central locations by highly trained professionals. There has been a recent explosion in optical technologies entering the consumer market through the widespread adoption of smartphones and LEDs. This technology commoditization has enabled the development of small, portable optical imaging systems at an unprecedentedly low cost. Here, we review the state-of-the-field of the application of these systems for low-cost blood imaging with an emphasis on cellular imaging systems. In addition to some promising results addressing specific clinical issues, an overview of the technology landscape is provided. We also discuss several key issues that need to be addressed before these technologies can be commercialized.

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A simple, rapid, low-cost diagnostic test for sickle cell disease

Cited by 71 publications

References 30 publications

Sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa: advancing the clinical paradigm through partnerships and research

Sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa: advancing the clinical paradigm through partnerships and research

Density-based separation in multiphase systems provides a simple method to identify sickle cell disease

Development of inexpensive blood imaging systems: where are we now?

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