“…To date, several molecular approaches have been developed to distinguish among S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus, S. paradoxus and S. pasto- rianus : electrophoretic karyotyping, PCR fingerprinting, RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA and rRNA sequence analysis (de Barros Lopes et al, 1998 ;Guillamo! n et al, 1994 ;James et al, 1997 ;McCullough et al, 1998 ;Masneuf et al, 1996 ;Molnar et al, 1995 ;Montrocher et al, 1998 ;Naumov et al, 1992 b ;Nguyen & Gaillardin, 1997 ;Oda et al, 1997 ;Ryu et al, 1998 ;Valente et al, 1996).…”