A simple, non-invasive marker of gastric damage: sucrose permeability

Sutherland, Lloyd R.; Verhoef, MJ; Wallace, John L.; Rosendaal, Guido Van; Crutcher, Rodney; Meddings, Jon

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90125-2

Cited by 106 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In physiologic conditions very small amounts of sucrose may escape enzymatic hydrolysis by sucrase in the small intestine and enters the general circulation (34). The increased amount in urine has been attributed to either altered intestinal disaccharidase activity (35) or more often to gastric damage (36) and some of the individual variation seen here may relate to changed upper gastrointestinal permeability. Once in the blood stream, intact sucrose is very slowly metabolized, being almost quantitatively excreted in the urine (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Urinary Sucrose and Fructose as Biomarkers for Sugar Consumption

Tasevska

Runswick

McTaggart

et al. 2005

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

141

177

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The use of 24-hour urinary sucrose and fructose as potential biomarkers for sugars consumption was investigated in two studies of 21 healthy participants living in a volunteer suite where dietary intake was known and all specimens collected. The dose-response was assessed in 12 males using a randomized crossover design of three diets containing constant levels of 63, 143, and 264 g of sugars for 10 days each. Both sugars and sucrose intake were significantly correlated with the sum of sucrose and fructose concentration in urine (0.888; P < 0.001). To assess effects with volunteers consuming their habitual varying diets, seven males and six females were fed their usual diet (assessed beforehand from four consecutive self-completed 7-day food diaries) for 30 days under controlled conditions in the volunteer suite. The mean (FSD) calculated total sugars intake was 202 F 69 g/d, 41% from sucrose. Mean (FSD) urinary sucrose and fructose were 36.6 F 16.6 and 61.8 F 61.3 mg/d, respectively. The sum of sucrose and fructose in urine was significantly correlated with sugars (0.841; P < 0.001) and sucrose intake (0.773; P = 0.002). In the regression, 200 g of sugars intake predicted f100 mg of sucrose and fructose in urine. The correlation between individual means of randomized 16 days of sugars intake and 8 days of sugars excretion data (as used in validation studies) remained as high as that obtained with the means of 30-day measurements and the regression estimates were very similar. Twenty-four -hour urinary sucrose and fructose could be grouped into a new category of biomarkers, predictive biomarkers, that can be used in studies determining the structure of dietary measurement error in free living individuals and to relate sugars intake to disease risk. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14(5):1287 -94)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Urinary Sucrose and Fructose as Biomarkers for Sugar Consumption

Tasevska

Runswick

McTaggart

et al. 2005

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

141

177

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“…Saccharose (a disaccharide) is an accepted marker for gastroduodenal permeability because normally it is not able to cross the intestinal wall and is rapidly hydrolyzed in the upper part of the small intestine. 20 LAC (an oligosaccharide) and MAN (a monosaccharide) excretions were used to assess small intestinal permeability. MAN passage occurs trans-and paracellularly while LAC is absorbed across the pores between the crypt cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of probiotic supplementation on gut permeability in patients with metabolic syndrome: an open label, randomized pilot study

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity and metabolic disorders are linked to inflammation via gut microbiota and/or gut permeability. Gut-derived endotoxin triggers inflammation leading to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and contributing to oxidative stress. We intended to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus casei Shirota on gut permeability, presence of endotoxin and neutrophil function in MetS. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Patients with MetS were randomized to receive 3 Â 6.5 Â 10 9 CFU L. casei Shirota (probiotic group) or not for 3 months. Gut permeability was assessed by a differential sugar absorption method and by determination of diaminooxidase serum levels, endotoxin by an adapted limulus amoebocyte lysate assay, neutrophil function and toll-like receptor (TLR) expression by flow cytometry and ELISA was used to detect lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients and 10 healthy controls were included. Gut permeability was significantly increased in MetS compared with controls but did not differ between patient groups. None of the patients were positive for endotoxin. LBP and sCD14 levels were not significantly different from healthy controls. High-sensitive C-reactive protein and LBP levels slightly but significantly increased after 3 months within the probiotics group. Neutrophil function and TLR expression did not differ from healthy controls or within the patient groups. CONCLUSIONS: Gut permeability of MetS patients was increased significantly compared with healthy controls. L. casei Shirota administration in the MetS patients did not have any influence on any parameter tested possibly due to too-short study duration or underdosing of L. casei Shirota.

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“…Absorption of intact sucrose and its excretion in urine reflects a damaged gastric or duodenal mucosa, as described by Meddings et al, using experimental models of gastric or duodenal lesions and confirmed in patients with gastric ulcers or severe gastritis. 27,30 . Other investigators have further validated this test as a marker of gastroduodenal mucosal injury in healthy volunteers after aspirin ingestion, or in patients with Crohn's disease, with gastric ulcer or cancer, with cirrhosis, or with Behcet's disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,[15][16][17]25 Sucrose was added to the lactulose/ mannitol solution as a permeability probe for absorption through the stomach and proximal duodenum. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Permeability tests were carried out starting at 08:00 to 09:00 AM. After an overnight fast, each person was asked to empty her bladder completely and then to drink a 450-mL solution containing 40 g sucrose, 7.5 g lactulose, and 2 g mannitol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is a leaky gut involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

et al. 2006

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I ntrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a rare disorder of unknown cause that may develop during the third or second trimester of pregnancy and resolves rapidly after delivery. The chief complaint is pruritus, and serum liver tests reveal a mild cholestasis with increased levels of bile salts and aminotransferases. ICP may cause fetal distress, with stillbirths or premature deliveries leading to increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. 1,2 The pathogenesis of ICP appears to be multifactorial. Potential contributors include a genetic predisposition interacting with the effects of estrogen and progesterone metabolites on bile secretory mechanisms. 3 The influence of environmental factors has been suggested by the observation of a seasonal variability in the incidence of ICP, with highest rates reported during winter, a recurrence rate of only 45% to 70% in subsequent pregnancies of multiparous women, and the decrease in the prevalence of ICP detected in Sweden and Chile during recent decades. 4 Therefore, identifying factors that may explain these epidemiological changes appear to be important.The gastrointestinal mucosal epithelium is an essential barrier that normally restricts the passage of harmful molecules into the mucosa and systemic circulation. An increased intestinal permeability has been observed in patients with enteric damage, such as in inflammatory From the

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A simple, non-invasive marker of gastric damage: sucrose permeability

Cited by 106 publications

References 9 publications

Urinary Sucrose and Fructose as Biomarkers for Sugar Consumption

Urinary Sucrose and Fructose as Biomarkers for Sugar Consumption

The influence of probiotic supplementation on gut permeability in patients with metabolic syndrome: an open label, randomized pilot study

Is a leaky gut involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

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