A Simple Modelling Procedure of Rogowski Coil for Power Systems Applications

Costa

Pasini

et al. 2021

Self Cite

The use of capacitive dividers (CDs) in medium-voltage (MV) networks started as simple voltage detectors and as rough voltage measurement instruments for protective purposes. Now, with the spread of intelligent electronic devices and renewable energy sources at the distribution level, capacitive dividers are designed and installed to perform accurate voltage measurements. Such a requirement is mandatory when the power quality has to be assessed. Therefore, CDs are currently being used either for power frequency or for high-frequency (supraharmonic- or partial-discharge-level) measurements. In this paper, typical off-the-shelf CDs are studied and modeled to understand how they behave in a wide range of frequencies and when the temperature varies. To this purpose, specific setups and tests have been developed and performed. From the results, it is clear that with proper modeling of CDs, it is possible to exploit them for measuring phenomena in a wide range of frequencies, including the effects due to temperature variations and self-resonances.

Section: Low-power Voltage Transformers: Capacitive Dividersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Capacitive Low-Power Voltage Transformer Behavior over Temperature and Frequency

Costa

Pasini

et al. 2021

Self Cite

“…In parallel, researchers are very active and prolific regarding the studies on ITs. For example, the modeling of ITs and LPITs is described in [13][14][15][16]. In detail, [13] treats voltage transformers, [14] non-conventional ITS, and [15,16] tackles current transformers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Importance of Characterizing Virtual PMUs for Hardware-in-the-Loop and Digital Twin Applications

Costa

Cavaliere

et al. 2021

Self Cite

In recent years, the introduction of real-time simulators (RTS) has changed the way of researching the power network. In particular, researchers and system operators (SOs) are now capable of simulating the complete network and of making it interact with the real world thanks to the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and digital twin (DT) concepts. Such tools create infinite scenarios in which the network can be tested and virtually monitored to, for example, predict and avoid faults or energy shortages. Furthermore, the real-time monitoring of the network allows estimating the status of the electrical assets and consequently undertake their predictive maintenance. The success of the HIL and DT application relies on the fact that the simulated network elements (cables, generation, accessories, converters, etc.) are correctly modeled and characterized. This is particularly true if the RTS acquisition capabilities are used to enable the HIL and the DT. To this purpose, this work aims at emphasizing the role of a preliminary characterization of the virtual elements inside the RTS system, experimentally verifying how the overall performance is significantly affected by them. To this purpose, a virtual phasor measurement unit (PMU) is tested and characterized to understand its uncertainty contribution. To achieve that, firstly, the characterization of a virtual PMU calibrator is described. Afterward, the virtual PMU calibration is performed, and the results clearly highlight its key role in the overall uncertainty. It is then possible to conclude that the characterization of the virtual elements, or models, inside RTS systems (omitted most of the time) is fundamental to avoid wrong results. The same concepts can be extended to all those fields that exploit HIL and DT capabilities.

“…The aim of this paper is to provide a characterization procedure capable of collecting sufficient information from the Rogowski coil to estimate its output voltage when a variety of distorted test signals are injected. This is somehow related to the modeling of the Rogowski, of which the literature provides a range of works [44][45][46][47][48], but also includes omitting the information of the model and simply relying on a simplified impulse response of the device (as detailed in the next section). The developed procedure presented, which is based on a synthetized signal, can help the work of (i) network model designers, who have to include in their models all the electric assets spread among the grid; (ii) distribution system operators (DSOs) who have to deeply know how their networks operate to fully control and manage them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Characterization of Rogowski Coils by Using a Synthetized Signal

Peretto

Tinarelli

2020

Self Cite

With the spread of new Low-Power Instrument Transformers (LPITs), it is fundamental to provide models and characterization procedures to estimate and even predict the LPITs’ behavior. In fact, distribution system operators and designers of network models are looking for all forms of information which may help the management and the control of power networks. For this purpose, the paper wants to contribute to the scientific community presenting a smart characterization procedure which easily provides sufficient information to predict the output signal of a Low-Power Current Transformer (LPCT), the Rogowski coil. The presented procedure is based on a synthetized signal applied to the Rogowski coil. Afterwards, the validity of the procedure is assessed within the Matlab environment and then by applying it on three off-the-shelf Rogowski coils. Simulations and experimental tests and results involving a variety of distorted signals in the power quality frequency range and by adopting a quite simple measurement setup demonstrated the effectiveness and the capability of the procedure to correctly estimate the output of the tested device.