A simple model for the resonance shift of localized plasmons due to dielectric particle adhesion

Antosiewicz, Tomasz J.; Apell, S. Peter; Claudio, Virginia; Käll, Mikael

doi:10.1364/oe.20.000524

Cited by 29 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We further outline the fundamental difference between the present work and previous theoretical works of the same kind. [20][21][22] A thorough discussion is provided in the Supporting Information. Finally, we test the closed-form-expression accuracy for plasmonic nanoresonators of different sizes and shapes, for perturbations with different shapes, refractive indices and positions with respect to the nanoresonators, and evidence that the formula is highly accurate for a broad panel of plasmonic sensors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simple Analytical Expression for the Peak-Frequency Shifts of Plasmonic Resonances for Sensing

2015

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We derive a closed-form expression that accurately predicts the peak frequency-shift and broadening induced by tiny perturbations of plasmonic nanoresonators without critically relying on repeated electrodynamic simulations of the spectral response of nanoresonator for various locations, sizes or shapes of the perturbing objects. The force of the present approach, in comparison with other approaches of the same kind, is that the derivation is supported by a mathematical formalism based on a rigorous normalization of the resonance modes of nanoresonators consisting of lossy and dispersive materials. Accordingly, accurate predictions are obtained for a large range of nanoparticle shapes and sizes, used in various plasmonic nanosensors, even beyond the quasistatic limit. The expression gives quantitative insight, and combined with an open-source code, provides accurate and fast predictions that are ideally suited for preliminary designs or for interpretation of experimental data. It is also valid for photonic resonators with large mode volumes. KEYWORDS: refractive index sensing, surface plasmon resonance, quasi normal mode, nanoparticle, plasmonics Introduction. In recent years, metallic nanoparticles have gained a lot of attention and also witnessed successful applications in various fields of nanosciences. As their near-fields support strong and highly-confined resonances, metallic nanoparticles can effectively convert local changes of refractive index into frequency shifts of the resonance.

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confidence: 99%

Simple Analytical Expression for the Peak-Frequency Shifts of Plasmonic Resonances for Sensing

2015

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“…There are excellent works on theoretical modeling of refractive index-based plasmonic sensing [118][119][120][121]. Recently, Zhang et al proposed a universal theory [122], where an equation is derived using perturbation theory to describe the resonance frequency shift of plasmonic nanostructures due to the adsorption of a dielectric sphere:…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Active molecular plasmonics: tuning surface plasmon resonances by exploiting molecular dimensions

et al. 2015

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Molecular plasmonics explores and exploits the molecule-plasmon interactions on metal nanostructures to harness light at the nanoscale for nanophotonic spectroscopy and devices. With the functional molecules and polymers that change their structural, electrical, and/or optical properties in response to external stimuli such as electric fields and light, one can dynamically tune the plasmonic properties for enhanced or new applications, leading to a new research area known as active molecular plasmonics (AMP). Recent progress in molecular design, tailored synthesis, and self-assembly has enabled a variety of scenarios of plasmonic tuning for a broad range of AMP applications. Dimension (i.e., zero-, two-, and threedimensional) of the molecules on metal nanostructures has proved to be an effective indicator for defining the specific scenarios. In this review article, we focus on structuring the field of AMP based on the dimension of molecules and discussing the state of the art of AMP. Our perspective on the upcoming challenges and opportunities in the emerging field of AMP is also included.

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“…8 These so called surface plasmon-polaritons are characterized by strong amplifications of the electric field near the metal surface, in essence amplifying the electromagnetic interaction between the metal supporting the plasmon and an object placed in the enhanced field. 9 This and other properties of plasmons have been behind the incorporation of metal surfaces and nanoparticles in a myriad of application from biosensing, 10, 11 photodetection, 12,13 and waveguiding, 14,15 to light emission, 16, 17 plexcitonics 18, 19 and materials science. 20,21 When utilized as a sensor, the plasmon resonance serves as a probe of the environment surrounding the metal nanoparticle and, being sensitive to the spatial distribution of the refractive index (permittivity), responds with a shift of the peak position when the distribution changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,21 When utilized as a sensor, the plasmon resonance serves as a probe of the environment surrounding the metal nanoparticle and, being sensitive to the spatial distribution of the refractive index (permittivity), responds with a shift of the peak position when the distribution changes. 9,22,23 In a general case of permittivity changes in the > 1 range of the surrounding, an increase of results in a redshift of the resonance wavelength and a blue shift in the opposite case. When the sensed material is also a metal 24 or a dielectric with a large refractive index (so that is can support resonances of it own 25 ), then coupling between the resonance of the metan nanosensor and the sensed object is more complex and one cannot a priori determine the resuling resonance shift.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing (un)binding events via surface plasmons: effects of resonator geometry

2016

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The resonance conditions of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) can be perturbed in any number ways making plasmon nanoresonators viable tools in detection of e.g. phase changes, pH, gasses, and single molecules. Precise measurement via LSPR of molecular concentrations hinge on the ability to confidently count the number of molecules attached to a metal resonator and ideally to track binding and unbinding events in real-time. These two requirements make it necessary to rigorously quantify relations between the number of bound molecules and response of plasmonic sensors. This endeavor is hindered on the one hand by a spatially varying response of a given plasmonic nanosensor. On the other hand movement of molecules is determined by stochastic effects (Brownian motion) as well as deterministic flow, if present, in microfluidic channels. The combination of molecular dynamics and the electromagnetic response of the LSPR yield an uncertainty which is little understood and whose effect is often disregarded in quantitative sensing experiments. Using a combination of electromagnetic finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations of the plasmon resonance peak shift of various metal nanosensors (disk, cone, rod, dimer) and stochastic diffusion-reaction simulations of biomolecular interactions on a sensor surface we clarify the interplay between position dependent binding probability and inhomogeneous sensitivity distribution. We show, how the statistical characteristics of the total signal upon molecular binding are determined. The proposed methodology is, in general, applicable to any sensor and any transduction mechanism, although the specifics of implementation will vary depending on circumstances. In this work we focus on elucidating how the interplay between electromagnetic and stochastic effects impacts the feasibility of employing particular shapes of plasmonic sensors for real-time monitoring of individual binding reactions or sensing low concentrations -which characteristics make a given sensor optimal for a given task. We also address the issue of how particular illumination conditions affect the level of uncertainty of the measured signal upon molecular binding.

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A simple model for the resonance shift of localized plasmons due to dielectric particle adhesion

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Simple Analytical Expression for the Peak-Frequency Shifts of Plasmonic Resonances for Sensing

Simple Analytical Expression for the Peak-Frequency Shifts of Plasmonic Resonances for Sensing

Active molecular plasmonics: tuning surface plasmon resonances by exploiting molecular dimensions

Sensing (un)binding events via surface plasmons: effects of resonator geometry

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