A simple method to establish calcite:aragonite ratios in archaeological mollusc shells

Loftus, Emma; Rogers, Keith; Lee‐Thorp, Julia A.

doi:10.1002/jqs.2819

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2; F. nigripenne ), detectable in approximately a third of samples analyzed. Insufficient sample sizes precluded quantitative analysis using XRD, but the typical occurrence of aragonite ATR‐FTIR ν 2 peaks as weak shoulders on dominant calcite ν 2 peaks suggest it to be a subsidiary phase where present (Loftus et al ). XRD patterns were only obtained for calcitic samples but results were consistent with ATR‐FTIR data in all cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium carbonate production by fish in temperate marine environments

Salter

Perry

Smith

2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Marine bony fishes are an important source of calcium carbonate with relevance to sediment production and inorganic carbon cycling. However, knowledge of the production and fate of these carbonates is based primarily on data from warm‐water reef fishes, with efforts to assess global‐scale implications constrained by assumptions that this small cross section of the global fish community is widely representative. Here we test the extent to which temperature influences fish carbonate mineralogy and morphology by comparing products from temperate settings (20 species at temperatures spanning 10–18°C) against existing data (23–27°C). Overall, carbonate products were mineralogically, compositionally, and morphologically similar throughout the thermal range, and in most cases, we observed no differences within species (18 vs. 24°C) or families (10 vs. 25°C). Confirmation of within‐family consistency over large thermal gradients is significant because: (1) it facilitates a substantial range expansion over which fish carbonate production models can be constructed, even where family‐level product data are geographically limited; and (2) it implies that the solubility of products from any given fish family varies only due to local carbonate saturation states at excretion (and not crystallographic differences). The only exception was in two members of the Labridae (wrasses), which produced low‐Mg calcite (LMC) and minor amorphous calcium–magnesium carbonate (ACMC) at 10°C; the inverse of products from confamilials at 25°C. This finding could have significant implications for understanding the role of fish carbonates globally because ACMC is a highly unstable carbonate polymorph, whereas LMC is very stable.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium carbonate production by fish in temperate marine environments

Salter

Perry

Smith

2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…The peak at 2960.95 cm À1 and 2926.67 cm À1 belongs to methyl C-H stretching vibration in the group of COCH 3 (Majtan et al, 2007). The peaks at 1655.08 cm À1 and 1319.22 cm À1 are assigned to stretching (Loftus et al, 2015).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Adsorbentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Adsorption of Congo red from aqueous solution onto shrimp shell powder

Zhou

Fan

et al. 2018

Adsorption Science & Technology

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Two novel adsorbents derived from shrimp shell were prepared and their adsorption performances on Congo red were investigated. The results suggested that treated shrimp shell powder exhibited a higher adsorption capacity than raw shrimp shell powder. The factors of initial concentration, solution pH, adsorption time, and temperature were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of treated shrimp shell powder calculated according to the Langmuir isotherm model was 288.2 mg/g, which is much higher than that of chitin. The adsorption behavior could be fitted well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Intra-particle diffusion model was also used to study the adsorption process. The thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption. Shrimp shell powder exhibited enough advantages such as large adsorption capacity, low cost, simple processing methods and high specific gravity compared with chitin or chitosan. This work confirmed that the shrimp shell biosorbent had a potential to be applied in dye wastewater treatment area.

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“…The crystals of the outer tube wall are approximately 25-30 µm in length and represent a spherulitic prismatic structure (SPHP) ( Figure 8F). Comparison to established FTIR spectra for calcite and aragonite as well as mixtures of the two forms (Loftus et al, 2015) revealed that the Fossil Hill serpulid tubes to be predominantly comprised of calcite (based on the absence of a double peak at the 711 and 700 cm −1 wavelength positions; see Supplementary Figure S2).…”

Section: Fossil Serpulid Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of an Extensive Deep-Sea Fossil Serpulid Reef Associated With a Cold Seep, Santa Monica Basin, California

et al. 2019

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Multibeam bathymetric mapping of the Santa Monica Basin in the eastern Pacific has revealed the existence of a number of elevated bathymetric features, or mounds, harboring cold seep communities. During 2013-2014, mounds at ∼600 m water depth were observed for the first time and sampled by Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute's ROV Doc Ricketts. Active cold seeps were found, but surprisingly one of these mounds was characterized by massive deposits composed of fossil serpulid worm tubes (Annelida: Serpulidae) exhibiting various states of mineralization by authigenic carbonate. No living serpulids with equivalent tube morphologies were found at the site; hence the mound was termed "Fossil Hill." In the present study, the identity of the fossil serpulids and associated fossil community, the ages of fossils and authigenic carbonates, the formation of the fossil serpulid aggregation, and the geological structure of the mound are explored. Results indicate that the tubes were most likely made by a deep-sea serpulid lineage, with radiocarbon dating suggesting that they have a very recent origin during the Late Pleistocene, specifically to the Last Glacial Maximum ∼20,000 years ago. Additional U-Th analyses of authigenic carbonates mostly corroborate the radiocarbon dates, and also indicate that seepage was occurring while the tubes were being formed. We also document similar, older deposits along the approximate trajectory of the San Pedro Basin Fault. We suggest that the serpulid tube facies formed in situ, and that the vast aggregation of these tubes at Fossil Hill is likely due to a combination of optimal physical environmental conditions and chemosynthetic production, which may have been particularly intense as a result of sea-level lowstand during the Last Glacial Maximum.

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A simple method to establish calcite:aragonite ratios in archaeological mollusc shells

Cited by 44 publications

References 16 publications

Calcium carbonate production by fish in temperate marine environments

Calcium carbonate production by fish in temperate marine environments

Adsorption of Congo red from aqueous solution onto shrimp shell powder

Discovery of an Extensive Deep-Sea Fossil Serpulid Reef Associated With a Cold Seep, Santa Monica Basin, California

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