A simple method for estimating relative risk using logistic regression

Díaz-Quijano, Fredi Alexander

doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-14

Cited by 112 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Group differences in patient characteristics were compared using a Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test or t-test, as indicated. A modified multivariable logistic regression (to deal with lack of convergence) [26] served to estimate the relative risk of neuropsychiatric ADR-related drug cessation in the nested matched cohort study comparing montelukast as monotherapy or adjunct therapy to ICS monotherapy. Two post hoc analyses were conducted in unmatched groups comparing ICS monotherapy to montelukast, first in children using only monotherapy, and second in those using montelukast as monotherapy or adjunct therapy to ICS or ICS/LABA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions in children initiated on montelukast in real-life practice

et al. 2017

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@ERSpublicationsThe incidence of children on montelukast with drug cessation due to neuropsychiatric adverse events was >10% http://ow.ly/nCGG30bgjpd ABSTRACT Although montelukast is generally well tolerated, postmarketing studies have reported serious neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions (ADRs) leading to a United States Food and Drug Administration black box warning. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of neuropsychiatric ADRs leading to discontinuation of montelukast in asthmatic children.We conducted a retrospective cohort study in children aged 1-17 years initiated on montelukast. In a nested cohort study, children initiated on montelukast as monotherapy or adjunct therapy to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) were matched to those initiated on ICS monotherapy. A non-leading parental interview served to ascertain the occurrence of any ADRs with any asthma medication, and circumstances related to, and evolution of, the event.Out of the 106 participants who initiated montelukast, most were male (58%), Caucasian (62%) with a median (interquartile range) age of 5 (3-8) years. The incidence (95% CI) of drug cessation due to neuropsychiatric ADRs was 16 (10-26)%, mostly occurring within 2 weeks. Most frequent ADRs were irritability, aggressiveness and sleep disturbances. The relative risk of neuropsychiatric ADRs associated with montelukast versus ICS was 12 (2-90).In the real-life setting, asthmatic children initiated on montelukast experienced a notable risk of neuropsychiatric ADRs leading to drug cessation, that is significantly higher than that associated with ICS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions in children initiated on montelukast in real-life practice

et al. 2017

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“…Missing values comprised 5.7% of cases included in the multiple logistic regression analysis and were treated as missing during the analysis. Adjusted relative risks were also calculated for prospective determinants of SRH applying the method of generalized linear regression with a log link, normal distribution, and robust variance estimator [47,48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of predictors of poor self-rated health in a 23-year cohort of earthquake survivors in Armenia

Demirchyan¹,

Petrosyan²,

Armenian³

et al. 2015

JEGH

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Long-term prospective studies exploring general health outcomes among disaster survivors are rare. Self-rated health (SRH) - a proven correlate of morbidity and mortality prognosis - was used to investigate predictors of perceived health status among a 23-year cohort of survivors of 1988 Spitak earthquake in Armenia. A geographically-stratified subsample of 725 adults from a larger initial cohort was followed during the period of 1990-2012. A logistic regression model identified predictors of SRH. Adjusted relative risks for the long-term predictors of SRH were calculated. The rate of poor SRH among the survivors was 18.8%, fair 56.5%, and good/excellent 24.7%. In the fitted model, long-term risk factors of poor SRH included baseline body mass index, baseline multi-morbidity, number of experienced stressful life events, and perceived poor living standards during the post-earthquake decade, while participation in sports in the early 1990s was a protective factor. Short-term protective factors included socio-economic status score, social support, employment and dignity, while current household size was a risk factor for poor SRH. No association was found between earthquake exposure severity and SRH after 23 years. However, the identified predictors included a number of modifiable lifestyle, material and psychological factors. Thus, interventions targeting these factors could have a long-lasting impact on disaster victims' health status.

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“…The interpretation of odds ratio (OR) as RR was not considered appropriate because OR overstated RR [17]. A database of dichotomous variables was created to simulate a cohort study in which a common outcome ‘sanitary latrine use’ (over 50% prevalence) was related to several independent predictors, such as exposure to schools, NGOs, and media (radio, TV, etc.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition overtime in household latrine use in rural Bangladesh: a longitudinal cohort study

Akter

Ali²,

Dey

2014

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundIn a low-income country like Bangladesh, where the poverty rate is higher in rural compared to urban areas, the consistent use of sanitary latrines over time is a challenge. To address this issue, the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) program of the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) was devised to improve health of the rural poor through enhanced sanitation services, such as by providing loans or education. Sanitary latrine use in households and changes over time were assessed in this study.MethodsThis was a longitudinal cohort study of the baseline, midline, and end line status of the WASH project. Households assessed in all three rounds of surveys (26,404 in each survey) were included in the analysis. Thirty thousand households from 50 upazilas (sub-districts) were selected in two stages: i) thirty villages were selected from each of the 50 upazilas by cluster sampling, and ii) twenty households were chosen systematically from each selected village. A female member capable of providing household-level information was interviewed from each house using the pre-tested questionnaire. Spot observations of some components were made to assess the quality of sanitary latrine use. The adjusted log-binomial regression was performed and risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated for sanitary latrine use. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Stata software.ResultsThe use of sanitary latrines by households increased significantly from the baseline (31.7%) to midline (41.5%) and end line (57.4%) assessment points. The proportion of physically verified clean latrines increased significantly from 33.4% at baseline to 50.8% at the midline and 53.3% at the end line. Analysis of changes in latrine-use showed that 73.3% of the baseline latrine-using households continued to do so at the end line, while the rest switched to unsanitary practices. Households with better socioeconomic status were more likely to use sanitary latrines.ConclusionThere are improvements in ownership and use of sanitary latrines by households over the years in WASH intervention areas. However, switching of some households from sanitary to unsanitary latrines remains a matter of concern regarding sustainability.

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A simple method for estimating relative risk using logistic regression

Cited by 112 publications

References 16 publications

Neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions in children initiated on montelukast in real-life practice

Neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions in children initiated on montelukast in real-life practice

Prospective study of predictors of poor self-rated health in a 23-year cohort of earthquake survivors in Armenia

Transition overtime in household latrine use in rural Bangladesh: a longitudinal cohort study

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