A Simple, Expendable, Artificial Oxygenator for Open Heart Surgery

DeWall, Richard A.; Warden, Herbert E.; Read, Raymond C.; Gott, Vincent L.; Ziegler, Newell R.; Varco, Richard L.; Lillehei, C. Walton

doi:10.1016/s0039-6109(16)34944-1

Cited by 122 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A bubble oxygenator type was chosen, which presently is most widely efficient in terms of blood oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination combined with the advantages of a low priming volume, simplicity, and low costs [2,5,8,9,10,17]. It has no moving parts and is assembled from commercially available materials, which are strong, resistant, easily manufactured, and biologically inactive [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there is no risk of embolization by particles of silicone [2,17]. As in the De Wall oxygenator [5], the bubbles of the insufflated oxygen were kept relatively large. Larger bubbles are more readily defoamed, but they decrease the oxygenating efficiency since the ratio of surface to volume decreases with an increasing bubble size [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Miniature equipment for the perfusion of rat limbs

et al. 1987

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A simple, reliable and efficient miniaturized extracorporeal circulation system for the use in small animals, especially for the perfusion of rat hind limbs, has been described. The system consists of a newly devised bubble oxygenator and heat exchanger and of commercially available roller pumps, polyethylene cannulas and silicone tubes. The minimal and maximal priming volume of the entire system is 4.7 and 16.7 ml, respectively. The efficiency of the system is reflected in a high value of oxygen uptake in the range of 0.061 ml O2 X min-1 X ml-1 blood, a heat transfer coefficient ranging from 0.96 to 0.31 at flow rates between 1 and 20 ml X min-1, a low pulsation amplitude of the roller pump, a constant flow resistance at the arterial cannula, which implies optimal flow conditions, and in a low blood trauma with plasma hemoglobin concentrations of 47.5 +/- 5 mg dl-1 after 60 min of in vitro perfusion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniature equipment for the perfusion of rat limbs

et al. 1987

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“…The DeWall bubble oxygenator Studies of the function of the version of the bubble oxygenator devised by Clarke, Gollan and Gupta were important for the subsequent design of the DeWall bubble oxygenator [39] that was used by Lillehei and his team in their continuing pioneer work in intracardiac surgery [2,6,[39][40][41]. Clarke, Gollan and Gupta [27] reported in 1950 that although small bubbles with their large surface area to volume ratio favoured oxygen uptake, they were less buoyant.…”

Section: Crucial Developments In Apparatus For Extracorporeal Oxygenamentioning

confidence: 99%

The history of extracorporeal oxygenators*

Lim

2006

Anaesthesia

103

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SummaryExtracorporeal oxygenators are artificial devices that substitute for anatomical lungs by delivering oxygen to, and extracting carbon dioxide from, blood. They were first conceptualised by the English scientist Robert Hooke (1635–1703) and developed into practical extracorporeal oxygenators by French and German experimental physiologists in the 19th century. Indeed, most of the extracorporeal oxygenators used until the late 1970s were derived from von Schroder's 1882 bubble oxygenator and Frey and Gruber's 1885 film oxygenator. As there is no intervening barrier between blood and oxygen, these are called ‘direct contact’ oxygenators; they contributed significantly to the development and practice of cardiac surgery till the 1980s. Membrane extracorporeal oxygenators introduce a gas–permeable interface between blood and oxygen. This greatly decreased the blood trauma of direct‐contact extracorporeal oxygenators, and enabled extracorporeal oxygenators to be used in longer‐term applications such as the intensive therapy of respiratory distress syndrome; this was demonstrably beneficial for neonates but less so for older patients. Much work since the 1960s focused on overcoming the gas exchange handicap of the membrane barrier, leading to the development of high‐performance microporous hollow‐fibre oxygenators that eventually replaced direct‐contact oxygenators in cardiac theatres.

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“…A new experimental series was performed with a DeWall-type bubble oxygenator and Sigmamotor pump [7]. Fifty dogs were operated on using this set of equipment; in 18 animals embolic events were observed probably due to the antifoam silicone (antifoam A) of the bubble removal chamber.…”

Section: Initial Studies On Cardiopulmonary Bypassmentioning

confidence: 99%

50 anos de circulação extracorpórea no Brasil: Hugo J. Felipozzi, o pioneiro da circulação extracorpórea no Brasil

Gomes¹,

Saba²,

Buffolo³

2005

Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc

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n 2005, we commemorate 50 years after the first heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in Brazil. The pioneer of CPB was Professor Hugo João Felipozzi who also constructed the first CPB apparatuses in Brazil. His vision, focusing all effort on the production of national CPB equipment, enabled an enormous expansion in this area and the development of the high quality that Brazilian Heart surgery knows today.Few countries have the vigor that Brazilian heart surgery currently enjoys. Together with the quality of scientific production, another factor that strongly contributed to the great importance of Brazilian heart surgery worldwide was the focus given to the national production of equipment, making the specialty practically independent of imported products.This strategy was only possible because of the course chosen by the pioneers of Brazilian heart surgery. Among these pioneers is the eminent Professor Hugo João Felipozzi who, with a combination of persistent and focused work and endeavored vision, led the research that culminated in the construction of the first artificial heart-lung machine made in Brazil and in the first open-heart surgeries.On October 15, 1955, the first open heart surgery of the pulmonary valve was performed using cardiopulmonary bypass making a selective shunt from the right heart. In the following year, on November 12th, the first patient was operated on in whom the heart chambers were opened under total cardiopulmonary bypass [1,2]. 50 years of cardiopulmonary bypass in Brazil: Hugo J. Felipozzi, the pioneer of cardiopulmonary bypass in Brazil

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A Simple, Expendable, Artificial Oxygenator for Open Heart Surgery

Cited by 122 publications

References 4 publications

Miniature equipment for the perfusion of rat limbs

Miniature equipment for the perfusion of rat limbs

The history of extracorporeal oxygenators*

50 anos de circulação extracorpórea no Brasil: Hugo J. Felipozzi, o pioneiro da circulação extracorpórea no Brasil

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