“…This is shown in Fig. 4 where the calculations are compared with the number of neutrons per proton in copper determined from a review of experimental data [6]. As can be seen the agreement appears reasonable over the entire energy region down to at least 50 MeV.…”
Section: Secondary Radiation Distribution From Proton Interactions Ofmentioning
An empirical relation is presented that describes the intensity and angular distribution of secondary hadrons around targets struck by high energy protons in an energy range from 5 to 500 GeV. This relation gives the f luence of hadrons of energy greater than 40 MeV at 1 metre and at an angle B degrees to the direction of a proton of energy E GeV interacting in a copper target of:It is further shown that if the flux is increased by a factor of 2 the formula also represents well the distribution of neutrons produced in targets struck by protons in the 25 MeV to 2 GeV range. Comparisons are presented between predictions using the above relation and measured and theoretical fluxes, integral particle emission, and dose rate. No serious discrepancies have been found over the entire proton energy range from 25 MeV to 1000 GeV.
Submitted as a scientific note toRadiation Protection Dosimetry 11111111~11111111 P00030876
“…This is shown in Fig. 4 where the calculations are compared with the number of neutrons per proton in copper determined from a review of experimental data [6]. As can be seen the agreement appears reasonable over the entire energy region down to at least 50 MeV.…”
Section: Secondary Radiation Distribution From Proton Interactions Ofmentioning
An empirical relation is presented that describes the intensity and angular distribution of secondary hadrons around targets struck by high energy protons in an energy range from 5 to 500 GeV. This relation gives the f luence of hadrons of energy greater than 40 MeV at 1 metre and at an angle B degrees to the direction of a proton of energy E GeV interacting in a copper target of:It is further shown that if the flux is increased by a factor of 2 the formula also represents well the distribution of neutrons produced in targets struck by protons in the 25 MeV to 2 GeV range. Comparisons are presented between predictions using the above relation and measured and theoretical fluxes, integral particle emission, and dose rate. No serious discrepancies have been found over the entire proton energy range from 25 MeV to 1000 GeV.
Submitted as a scientific note toRadiation Protection Dosimetry 11111111~11111111 P00030876
“…For simple penetration through the shielding from beam line, Tesch's formulae 4) were used. For point loss, Here, J means the loss of proton, and the parameters H casc and were interpolated from the fitting value by Tesch.…”
The J-PARC LINAC accelerated the H-minus beam up to the energy of 181 MeV, which is the design value, on January 24th, and got the official license for the beam operation on February 27th, 2007. The beam losses are enough small that the detectable radiation leaks to the working area can be scarcely observed, while the inevitable activation of the beam-line components start slowly. In this paper, we briefly report the method used in the radiation shielding calculation of the J-PARC LINAC.
“…The Tesch's formula 2) and the Moyer model 3) were applied to the bulk shielding calculations for the proton energy range below 1 GeV and above 1 GeV, respectively. A code, DUCT-III 4) , based on Shin's analytical formula 5) was applied to the duct streaming calculations only for the simple configuration.…”
Radiation shielding calculations for the subject of bulk shielding, duct streaming and skyshine were performed for the shielding design of the 3-GeV proton synchrotron accelerator in the J-PARC facility with both the simplified calculation methods including semi-empirical formulas and the Monte Carlo methods. Calculation results of dose rates at the boundary of radiation controlled area and the site boundary are compared with the dose limit defined in the regulation law of Japan.
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