A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in adolescent boys

Schwartz, George J.; Gauthier, Bernard

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(85)80697-1

Cited by 359 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the absence of pharmacokinetic (PK) data in pediatric patients (17 years and younger), the model for pediatric patients was derived from the published literature on renal function maturation and the knowledge of other renally eliminated drugs. 3. The estimated exposures of the recommended doses for pediatric patients reasonably approximate the exposures in adults.…”

Section: Pediatricsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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The Emergency Use Authorization of Peramivir for Treatment of 2009 H1N1 Influenza

Birnkrant

Cox²

2009

N Engl J Med

173

129

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Section: Pediatricsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…• Peramivir IV is an unapproved drug and is still being evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials. Limited phase 2 and 3 safety and efficacy data for Peramivir IV are available, but not sufficient to constitute an adequate basis to establish safety and efficacy that is required for full marketing approval.…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emergency Use Authorization of Peramivir for Treatment of 2009 H1N1 Influenza

Birnkrant

Cox²

2009

N Engl J Med

173

129

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“…The patients were 49 females and 21 males (5–35 years), and the control subjects included 9 females and 21 males (5–34 years). All patients had normal kidney function, as estimated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation (for those with age ≥21 years) [18] or Schwarts formula (for those with age <21 years) [19,20]. The background renal diseases were IgA nephropathy (n = 26), purpura nephritis (n = 24), lupus nephritis (n = 8), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n = 7), and non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (n = 5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Formula [eGFR = 175 × standardized serum creatinine –1.154 × age –0.203 × 0.741 (if Asian) × 0.742 (if female)] [18], which was found to correlate well with GFR corrected for body surface area in adults [22]. We used the formula developed by Schwartz et al [19,20] to calculate eGFR (K × height/serum creatinine) for children. The K factor was 0.55 for children aged from 2 to 12 years, 0.55 for females aged from 13 to 21 years, and 0.70 for males aged from 13 to 21 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Angiotensinogen Accurately Reflects Intrarenal Renin-Angiotensin System Activity

et al. 2010

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Background: We recently reported that immunoreactivity of intrarenal angiotensinogen (AGT) is significantly increased in IgA nephropathy patients. Meanwhile, we have developed direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure plasma and urinary AGT (UAGT) in humans. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that UAGT levels are increased in chronic glomerulonephritis patients. Methods: We analyzed 100 urine samples from 70 chronic glomerulonephritis patients (26 from IgA nephropathy, 24 from purpura nephritis, 8 from lupus nephritis, 7 from focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and 5 from non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis) and 30 normal control subjects. Results: UAGT–creatinine ratio (UAGT/UCre) was correlated positively with diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.0326), urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (p < 0.0001), urinary protein–creatinine ratio (p < 0.0001) and urinary occult blood (p = 0.0094). UAGT/UCre was significantly increased in chronic glomerulonephritis patients not treated with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers compared with control subjects (p < 0.0001). Importantly, glomerulonephritis patients treated with RAS blockers had a marked attenuation of this augmentation (p = 0.0021). Conclusion: These data indicate that UAGT are increased in chronic glomerulonephritis patients and treatment with RAS blockers suppressed UAGT. The efficacy of RAS blockade to reduce the intrarenal RAS activity can be confirmed by measurement of UAGT in chronic glomerulonephritis patients.

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“…Levey et al [13] Among children, the Schwartz [14] and Counahan-Barratt [15] formulae provide clinical useful estimates of GFR.…”

Section: Gfr Measurement: Clearance Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Diet and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate

Lohsiriwat¹

2013

OJNeph

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common health problem worldwide. CKD staging or classification, together with patients' prognosis and treatment plan depend on the patients' kidney function which is assessed by measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Estimated GFR can be obtained using serum or plasma creatinine as a main variable in equations or formulae such as Cockcroft-Gault equation, MDRD equation (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease), the Schwartz and Counahan-Barratt formulae. These equations, though widely accepted, still have to be adjusted or validated among different groups of patients according to the variation in some factors such as race, diet, and genetic heterogenicity. Diet, especially the high protein load, can affect GFR representing the renal functional reserve. A high protein diet can cause an increase in GFR that lasts for many hours. Long-term consumption of vegetarian diet which is low in protein and contains only protein from plant sources can cause a low baseline GFR while the renal functional reserve is still preserved. This paper aims to remind of the role of protein diet effect on GFR measurement especially when assessing the renal function in vegetarians or individuals on long-term low-protein intake.

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A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in adolescent boys

Cited by 359 publications

References 7 publications

The Emergency Use Authorization of Peramivir for Treatment of 2009 H1N1 Influenza

The Emergency Use Authorization of Peramivir for Treatment of 2009 H1N1 Influenza

Urinary Angiotensinogen Accurately Reflects Intrarenal Renin-Angiotensin System Activity

Protein Diet and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate

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