A simple, corrosion-resistant flow cell for laser-induced photoacoustic spectroscopic detection of high-performance liquid chromatography effluents

Propagation of photoacoustic waves generated on liquid chromatography columns

“…On the basis of agreement between the measured acoustic velocity and the literature value of 1.12 X 10® cm/s (11), we infer that wave front A arrived at the transducer via transport through the methanol. This result is commensurate with the findings of Lai et al (6).…”

“…An experimental technique was developed to further validate these proposed pathways. Lai et al (6) found that am air bubble within the solvent occupying the quartz detection column actually extinguished the photoacoustic signad. With that in mind we purposely generated bubbles in the solvent stream on the column and positioned them to selectively extinguish portions of the overall acoustic waveform.…”

“…Although Lai et al (6) concluded that a photoacoustic wave generated within a quartz column traveled primarily in the solvent, a clear explantion of how the wave was detected by a transducer attached to the outer diameter of the quartz was not given. In order to understand how photoacoustic waves propagate, it is important to consider parameters which are known to govern physically generated acoustic waves.…”

“…The problem with filter feeding, from the point of the organism and the consumer, is that bivalves ingest particles much faster than they expel them. This behavior leads to storage or bioaccumulation of particles (6).…”

“…In 1982, Lai et al (6) employed photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) as a detection method for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Although Oda and Sawada (7) were the first to apply PAS to HPLC, Lai et al developed a unique and simple detection cell that could be easily fitted at the exit of a column.…”