SummaryThe acetate-requiring Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear mutant F16 harbors the mutation mcd1-1 and fails to accumulate the cytochrome b6/f complex. The primary defect of mcd1-1 was determined to be the instability of petD mRNA, which encodes subunit IV of the complex. Chimeric reporter genes introduced by chloroplast transformation demonstrated that the determinant of petD mRNA instability in the mcd1-1 background is located in the 5Ј untranslated region (UTR). However, when this 5Ј UTR was present downstream of other sequences in dicistronic or chimeric transcripts, the RNAs were no longer destabilized in the mcd1-1 background. Together, these results suggest that the 5Ј end of the petD 5Ј UTR interacts with the MCD1 product. The insertion of a polyguanosine sequence into the petD 5Ј UTR fused to a reporter gene allowed accumulation of the reporter gene transcript in the mutant background. Since polyguanosine forms a structure that is known to impede exonucleases, these data provide in vivo evidence that petD mRNA can be degraded by 5Ј→3Ј exoribonuclease activity. Furthermore, the data support a model in which protein binding to the petD 5Ј UTR protects the mRNA from 5Ј→3Ј degradation in wild-type cells.