A simple and efficient method for preparing and dispensing anaerobic media

Patel, Bharat K. C.; Morgan, Hugh W.; Daniel, Roy M.

doi:10.1007/bf01042377

Cited by 51 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Based on t he anaerobic techniques of H ung at e and Pat el et al [ 6,7] , the prepared media w ere loaded in t ubes. Each tube cont ained 0.…”

Section: Preparat Ion Of Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and properties of an extremely thermophilic xylanolytic bacterium

Zhao

1998

Sci. China Ser. C.-Life Sci.

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A st rain of ext remely t hermophilic, anaerobic, xylanolytic bact erium w as isolated f rom t he hot spring in K angding County, Sichuan Province, and it was gram reaction negative, immobile, non sporef ormative w ith it s cells arranged single or in pairs, 0. 7 1. 0 m w ide and 2. 0 5. 0 m long. Af ter being cult ured at 75 f or 3 d on xylan agar rolling tube, it s colon ies w ere roun ded, convex, smoot h in margin and t ransparent , and could not produce pig ment s, but could produce carbon dioxide, hydrogen, lact ic acid, acet ic acid and t race et hanol during t he fermentation of xylan.Keywords: thermophilic, xylanolytic bacterium.Xylan is a major component forming hem icellulose and accounts f or 50% of dry w eight of herbaceous plant s. Its sources are very abundant in the world. Xylan is firstly hydrolyzed int o sm all molecular x ylose, and then t he x ylose can be ut ilized by m icrobes in m at erial cycle. T here are tw o w ays f or hydrolyzing x ylan; t hat is, acid hydrolysis and enzy molysis. T he enzy molysis not only possesses high transformat ion rate, requires m ild condit ions, produces no erosion, no toxicit y and no environment pollution, but also has low cost s and easy operat ion [ 1] . In recent years, t he enzymolysis of x ylan has been w idely used for t he t reatment of wastes, product ion of chemicals, x ylose and xylitol [ 2] . Part icularly t he enzymolysis is of great import ance and of large economic value in environment al prot ect ion, for it can replace chemically bleaching t echnology in pulp and paper product ion [ 3] . T he st udies on thermost able x ylanase originat ing from microbes have caused great at tent ion in the w orld and some papers have been published on several strains of Bacil lus genus w ith optimum g row t h t emperat ure of 65 [ 4,5] . T his paper presents t he studies on t he morphology and grow th properties of t he ex tremely t hermophilic, alkalophilic, anaerobic, xylanolyt ic bact erium isolat ed f rom the hot spring in Kangding, Sichuan. Materials and methods Source of sam plesT he samples for t his experiment w ere collected from t he sediment s in t he hot spring in Kangding, Sichuan. Serum bot tles of 50 mL were prepared and filled w ith hig hly pure nit rogen. Samplers w ere used t o put the sediments and w at er into t he bot tles. T he volume of the mat erials filled accounted for 4/ 5 of t he tot al volume of t he bot t les. During t he performance, air was not al lowed to ent er into t he bot t les.

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“…Based on t he anaerobic techniques of H ung at e and Pat el et al [ 6,7] , the prepared media w ere loaded in t ubes. Each tube cont ained 0.…”

Section: Preparat Ion Of Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and properties of an extremely thermophilic xylanolytic bacterium

Zhao

1998

Sci. China Ser. C.-Life Sci.

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“…The growth of strain B2-1 T was tested in anaerobic TYEG medium which consisted of low phosphate buffered salts (LPBS) amended with 0.2 % each of tryptone, yeast extract and glucose at temperatures ranging from 26 to 70 u C and at pH values ranging from 5.0 to 9.5. Anaerobic TYEG medium was prepared as described previously (Patel et al, 1985a, b). Growth was measured at 580 nm by inserting Hungate tubes directly into a modified cuvette holder of a Novaspec LKB spectrophotometer (Pharmacia-Biotech Pty.…”

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Thermotalea metallivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium from the Great Artesian Basin of Australia aquifer

Ogg

Patel

2009

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain B2-1 T , was isolated from microbial mats colonizing a runoff channel formed by free-flowing thermal water from a Great Artesian Basin, Australia, bore well (registered number 17263). The cells of strain B2-1 T were slightly curved rods (3.0-3.5¾0.6-0.7 mm) which stained Gram-negative. The strain grew optimally in tryptone-yeast extract-glucose medium at 50 6C (temperature growth range 30-55 6C) and a pH of 8 (pH growth range 6.5-9). Strain B2-1 T grew poorly on yeast extract (0.2 %) and/or tryptone (0.2 %), which were obligately required for growth on other energy sources, including a range of other carbohydrates and organic acids, but not amino acids. The end-products of glucose fermentation were ethanol and acetate. In the presence of 0.2 % yeast extract, iron(III), manganese(IV) and elemental sulfur were reduced but sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite, nitrate and nitrite were not reduced. Growth was inhibited by chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, penicillin, ampicillin, sodium azide and by NaCl concentrations greater than 4 % (w/v). The DNA G+C content was 48±1 mol% as determined by the thermal denaturation method. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain B2-1 T was a member of the family Clostridiaceae, class Clostridia, phylum Firmicutes and was most closely related to Geosporobacter subterraneus DSM 17957 T (89.9 % similarity). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and physiological characteristics, strain B2-1 T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Thermotalea metallivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B2-1 T (5KCTC 5625 T 5JCM 15105 T 5DSM 21119 T ).The Great Artesian Basin (GAB) underlies approximately 22 % of the arid and subarid regions of the Australian continent, an area of over 1.7610 6 km 2 , with a water storage capacity of 8.7610 12 m 3 , and is considered to be the world's largest geothermal subsurface aquifer (Habermahl, 1980). The GAB was formed between 100 and 250 million years ago and contains groundwaters which are estimated to be 2 million years old. It is composed of alternating layers of water-bearing permeable sandstone aquifers and non-water-bearing impermeable shale and includes two regions that contain the largest onshore oil and gas reserves in Australia. These geological formations have an immense influence on the chemical composition of GAB groundwaters, which can be bicarbonate-, chloride-, sulfate-or iron-rich. The GAB subsurface waters flow from the recharge areas at the edge of the basin to the discharge areas in central Australia as mound springs at an estimated rate of 1-5 m year 21 and are heated by the Earth's magma due to the aquifer's great depth. The GAB is tapped by more than 5000 free-flowing bores which provide vital water to outback communities where it is used for agricultural, industrial and domestic purposes. These bores can be found up to 3000 m deep, with source temperatures ranging from 30 to 100 u C d...

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“…Spores were not observed for cultures that had been grown under suboptimal conditions (different pH and temperatures), and on glucose and xylose. In addition, cultures heated at 95 u C for 20 min failed to grow in tryptone-yeast extractglucose (TYEG) medium after subculture (Patel et al, 1985a, b), suggesting the absence of heat resistant bodies such as spores. Cells of strain Y170 T stained Gram-negative and electron micrographs of thin sections confirmed a Gram-negative cell-wall ultrastructure consisting of an electron-dense layer (inner wall layer) adjacent to the cell membrane and an electron light layer consisting of regular protein subunits (outer wall layer) (Fig.…”

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Fervidicola ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium from geothermal waters of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia

Ogg

Patel

2009

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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Fervidicola ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium from geothermal waters of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain Y170 T , was isolated from a microbial mat colonizing thermal waters of a run-off channel created by the free-flowing waters of a Great Artesian Basin (GAB) bore well (New Lorne bore; registered number 17263). Cells of strain Y170 T were slightly curved rods (1.2-12¾0.8-1.1 mm) and stained Gram-negative. The strain grew optimally in tryptone-yeast extract-glucose medium at 70 6C (temperature range for growth was 55-80 6C) and pH 7 (pH range for growth was 5-9). Strain Y170 T grew poorly on yeast extract as a sole carbon source, but not on tryptone (0.2 %). Yeast extract could not be replaced by tryptone and was obligately required for growth on tryptone, peptone, glucose, fructose, galactose, cellobiose, mannose, sucrose, xylose, mannitol, formate, pyruvate, Casamino acids and threonine. No growth was observed on arabinose, lactose, maltose, raffinose, chitin, xylan, pectin, starch, acetate, benzoate, lactate, propionate, succinate, myo-inositol, ethanol, glycerol, amyl media, aspartate, leucine, glutamate, alanine, arginine, serine and glycine. End products detected from glucose fermentation were acetate, ethanol and presumably CO 2 and H 2 . Iron(III), manganese(IV), thiosulfate and elemental sulfur, but not sulfate, sulfite, nitrate or nitrite, were used as electron acceptors in the presence of 0.2 % yeast extract. Iron(III) in the form of amorphous Fe(III) oxhydroxide and Fe(III) citrate was also reduced in the presence of tryptone, peptone and Casamino acids, but not with chitin, xylan, pectin, formate, starch, pyruvate, acetate, benzoate, threonine, lactate, propionate, succinate, inositol, ethanol, glycerol, mannitol, aspartate, leucine, glutamate, alanine, arginine, serine or glycine. Strain Y170 T was not able to utilize molecular hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide in the presence or absence of iron(III). Chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, penicillin and ampicillin and NaCl concentrations greater than 2 % inhibited growth. The G+C content of the DNA was 48±1 mol% [SD (n53); T m ]. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain Y170 T is a member of the family Syntrophomonadaceae, class Clostridia, phylum Firmicutes and was most closely related to members of the genus Thermosediminibacter (mean similarity of 93.6 %). On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and physiological characteristics, strain Y170 T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Fervidicola ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Y170 T (5KCTC 5610 T 5JCM 15106 T 5DSM 21121 T ).The Great Artesian Basin (GAB) of Australia underlies approximately one-fifth of the Australian continent, covering an area of 1.7610 6 km 2 with a water-storage capacity of 8.7610 12 m 3 (Habermahl, 1980), and is considered to be the world's largest geothermal subsurface...

show abstract

A simple and efficient method for preparing and dispensing anaerobic media

Cited by 51 publications

References 6 publications

Isolation and properties of an extremely thermophilic xylanolytic bacterium

Isolation and properties of an extremely thermophilic xylanolytic bacterium

Thermotalea metallivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium from the Great Artesian Basin of Australia aquifer

Fervidicola ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium from geothermal waters of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia

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