A Simple and Cost-Saving Approach To Optimize the Production of Subtilisin NAT by Submerged Cultivation of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Natto

Ku, Ting-Wei; Tsai, Ruei-Lan; Pan, Tzu‐Ming

doi:10.1021/jf8024198

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Commercial NK production practices optimize the fermentation conditions to maximize the yield of NK produced by B. subtilis (natto), and include optimal temperature, pH, and fermentation time [26,27]. A variety of nutrients, such as glycerol, yeast extract, soy peptone, or shrimp shell powder have been examined for their ability to increase NK yield [28,29,30]. The optimal feed strategy used in in fed-batch fermentation methods has significantly enhanced NK production, relative to yields obtained by batch fermentation [31].…”

Section: Production and Purification Of Nattokinasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nattokinase: An Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Weng

Yao

Sparks

et al. 2017

IJMS

134

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Natto, a fermented soybean product, has been consumed as a traditional food in Japan for thousands of years. Nattokinase (NK), a potent blood-clot dissolving protein used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, is produced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis during the fermentation of soybeans to produce Natto. NK has been extensively studied in Japan, Korea, and China. Recently, the fibrinolytic (anti-clotting) capacity of NK has been recognized by Western medicine. The National Science Foundation in the United States has investigated and evaluated the safety of NK. NK is currently undergoing a clinical trial study (Phase II) in the USA for atherothrombotic prevention. Multiple NK genes have been cloned, characterized, and produced in various expression system studies. Recombinant technology represents a promising approach for the production of NK with high purity for its use in antithrombotic applications. This review covers the history, benefit, safety, and production of NK. Opportunities for utilizing plant systems for the large-scale production of NK, or for the production of edible plants that can be used to provide oral delivery of NK without extraction and purification are also discussed.

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Section: Production and Purification Of Nattokinasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nattokinase: An Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Weng

Yao

Sparks

et al. 2017

IJMS

134

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“…The present findings on the interactive effect of production factors and influence of glucose on brevicin production corroborate results from Han et al (2011), indicating stimulation of Lactobacillus plantarum YJG bacteriocin production by optimized glucose concentration. Accordingly, Ku et al (2009) reported an increase in bacteriocin activity through Box-Behnken's design by optimizing the glucose concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Lactobacillus brevis NS01 Brevicin Production and Its Application in Apple Juice Biopreservation Using Food-Grade Clarifying Agent Silica as a Carrier

Duraisamy¹,

Murugan

Balakrishnan

et al. 2015

Food Bioprocess Technol

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Bacteriocins are nowadays recognized as good biopreservatives that are able to contain microbial contaminant development in several food products. In this study, the goat milk isolate Lactobacillus brevis NS01 brevicin activity on common foodborne pathogenic organisms and its characterization, stability, and statistical response surface methodology (RSM) optimization of media components for enhanced production were determined. Its adsorption onto common stabilizing agent silica and applicability in apple juice preservation were also determined. The L. brevis NS01 produced 3.2 kDa common foodborne pathogen inhibitory brevicin having more polar (68.6 %) than non-polar (30.8 %) amino acids. Optimization of growth conditions by RSM demonstrated that glucose, sodium acetate, and triammonium sulfate concentration of 33.41, 8.36, and 2.22 g/L, respectively, increased its production. Brevicin activity was constant over a broad range of pH (3-8) and temperature (20-100°C) and reached a maximum at pH 6 and 40°C. Maximum adsorption of brevicin onto silica took place at pH 6-7, 40°C for 240 min. The carrier silica exhibited significant Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral changes upon brevicin adsorption and presented good biopreservative activity. This study demonstrates the potential large-scale use of brevicin adsorbed silica for shelf life increase and clarification at a same time.

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“…and marine creatures (Mahajan et al 2012;Sumi et al 1992;Wang et al 2009c). There are comprehensive studies regarding the optimal fermentation conditions for NK production (Berenjian et al 2014a;Chen and Chao 2006;Chen et al 2007a;Cho et al 2010;Deepak et al 2008;Ku et al 2009;Kwon et al 2011;Liu et al 2005;Rasagnya and Vangalapati 2013;Unrean et al 2012;Wang et al 2009b;Mahajan et al 2010). Concentration adjustment and feeding strategy of essential nutrients are critical for enhancing NK production.…”

Section: Nattokinase Production and Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, we recently demonstrated that compared to the batch fermentation, the fed-batch addition of glycerol during the cell growth phase increases NK production significantly (Berenjian et al 2014a). Ku et al (2009) optimized the cultivation medium composed of defatted soybean and glucose. Defatted soybean is a by-product formed in salad oil manufacturing, and glucose is regarded a very common and cheap carbon source.…”

Section: Nattokinase Production and Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nattokinase: production and application

Dabbagh

Negahdaripour

Berenjian

et al. 2014

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

104

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Nattokinase (NK, also known as subtilisin NAT) (EC 3.4.21.62) is one of the most considerable extracellular enzymes produced by Bacillus subtilis natto. The main interest about this enzyme is due to its direct fibrinolytic activity. Being stable enough in the gastrointestinal tract makes this enzyme a useful agent for the oral thrombolytic therapy. Thus, NK is regarded as a valuable dietary supplement or nutraceutical. Proven safety and ease of mass production are other advantages of this enzyme. In addition to these valuable advantages, there are other applications attributed to NK including treatment of hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and vitreoretinal disorders. This review tends to bring a brief description about this valuable enzyme and summarizes the various biotechnological approaches used in its production, recovery, and purification. Some of the most important applications of NK, as well as its future prospects, are also discussed.

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A Simple and Cost-Saving Approach To Optimize the Production of Subtilisin NAT by Submerged Cultivation of Bacillus subtilis Natto

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

Nattokinase: An Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Nattokinase: An Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Optimization of Lactobacillus brevis NS01 Brevicin Production and Its Application in Apple Juice Biopreservation Using Food-Grade Clarifying Agent Silica as a Carrier

Nattokinase: production and application

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