A Silver Impregnation Method for Nervous Tissue Suitable for Routine use with Mounted Sections

Loots, J.M.; Loots, G. P.; Joubert, W. S.

doi:10.3109/10520297709116752

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Serial sections 10 pm in thickness were cut in a plane parallel to the upper margin of the lower bill. They were stained by the silver impregna-tion method of Loots et al (1977) and observed under light microscopy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Examination of Chick Embryos with Bilateral Microphthalmus with Reference to Laterality in the Visual Apparatuses

Murakami

Sakai

et al. 1991

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica

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The histological abnormalities of chick embryos with bilateral microphthalmus were examined in serial paraffin sections with special reference to laterality in the visual apparatuses, including the cornea, lens, neural retina and pigment epithelium. There was marked laterality in the above structures; some eyeballs had individual, if incomplete, sublayers of the cornea and the neural retina, and others not. The sublayers of the neural retina were occasionally observed even in eyeballs at the stage of optic vesicle formation, in contrast to the previous notion that the pigment epithelium induces the maturation of the primordial neural retina after optic vesicle differentiation into the optic cup. There was also a case where developmental differences between the right and left eyeballs were absent except in the lens. These findings suggest that chick embryos with bilateral microphthalmus exhibit a more complex histological profile or diversity than previously considered, possibly as a result of the differential actions of various mutagens and endogenous trophic factors on the developing visual system.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Examination of Chick Embryos with Bilateral Microphthalmus with Reference to Laterality in the Visual Apparatuses

Murakami

Sakai

et al. 1991

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica

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An autoradiographic study of the retinal projection in Xenopus laevis with comparisons to Rana

1980

J of Comparative Neurology

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The retinal projection to the brain in Xenopus has been examined using autoradiographic techniques. The labelled moieties used were 3H-proline and 3H-fucose. There are three anterior thalamic optic terminal sites in Xenopus. These are the nucleus of Bellonci, the corpus geniculatum thalamicum and the rostral visual nucleus. The first two of these are similar to the homonymous nuclei in Rana while the last, the rostral visual nucleus, appears to correspond to the rostral end of the posterior entopeduncular nucleus of Rana. Both the nucleus of Bellonci and the rostral visual nucleus receive strong ipisilateral retinal inputs while the corpus geniculatum receives only a weak ipsilateral projection. In the posterior thalamic: pretectal region there is only one clearly defined optic terminal nucleus--the uncinate field. This structure receives a strong ipsilateral input. In addition there are two other labelled fields in this region whose nature (fibers v. terminals) cannot be clearly discerned in autoradiographs. These are the thalamopretectal field--a horizontal band which extends in the dorsomedial neuropil from midthalamus to the pretectum, and the pretectal field where diffuse labelling is evident, especially ipsilateral to the injected eye. The thalamopretectal field also receives an ipsilateral input. The optic tectum in Xenopus receives a dense contralateral retinal innervation but only a weak ipsilateral projection. Finally, the basal optic nucleus receives both contralateral and ipsilateral retinal innervation with the latter being, by far, the weaker of the two. In addition to other differences between the two species, it is obvious that there is a much denser and more extensive ipsilateral retinal projection to the thalamic and pretectal brain structures in Xenopus than in Rana. This is presumably due to the greater size of the binocular field in Xenopus.

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Long‐term effects of hypothalamic lesions on the pituitary and its target organs in the killifish Fundulus heteroclitus. I. Effects on the gonads, thyroid, and growth

Pickford

Knight

et al. 1981

J. Exp. Zool.

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In three experiments a total of 23 sham-operated and 63 brainlesioned killifish were maintained for 12%-16% weeks under constant environmental conditions, with regular feeding. Regression of the testes and pituitary gonadotropes, seen in 13 fish, was correlated with lesions in the parvocellular region and/or tract of the nucleus lateral tuberis pars anterior (NLTa). Marked hypertrophy of the thyroid and pituitary thyrotropes, seen in nine fish, was associated with severe lesions of the nucleus anterior tuberis (NAT). A highly significant increase in growth rate, seen in four fish, was correlated with lesions in the nucleus preopticus (NPO), but there was no change in the pituitary somatotropes. Increased appetite, resulting from the presumed destruction of a satiety center, is a possible explanation.Hypothalamic regulation of the pituitary in teleost fishes has been reviewed repeatedly (Ball, '81; Peter, '73, '78; Jackson, '78; Stetson and Grau, '801, but there are many unresolved and conflicting problems. Some of these derive from little understood species differences, and the present investigation was undertaken to resolve several aspects of the problem in the euryhaline killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, for which a minimum of information is available. Three aspects are considered in the present contribution: the regulation of the gonads, the thyroid, and growth. A review of recent literature in these areas, restricted to teleostean species, provides a necessary background for the interpretation of the results. Regulation of gonad maturationEarlier investigations (Peter, '701, supplemented by more recent studies (Rai, '73; Pavlovie and PantiC, '73; Viswanathan and Sundararaj, '74; Pantic and Lovren, '75), have established a correlation between the secretory activity of the nucleus lateral tuberis (NLT) and the nucleus preopticus (NPO) with the annual reproductive cycle in various teleosts. Hypothalamic lesions in these areas, during gonadal recrudescence in the goldfish, result in gonad regression (Peter, '70; Peter and Crim, '78), but in the male parr ofSalmo salar only lesions in the NLT were effective (Dodd et al., '78). Injections of mammalian luteinizing releasing hormone (LRH) can stimulate the pituitary gonadotrophs with the release of gonadotropin and subsequent spawning (Peter and Crim, '79; Harvey and Hoar, '79; Peter, '80; Crim et al., '81). Furthermore, a series of investigations summarized by Crim et al. ('78) have established the presence of an LRH-like factor in the hypothalamus of some teleosts, although its chemical nature is unresolved and its identity with mammalian LRH is questioned (Breton et al., '75; Goos and van Oordt, '78; King and Millar, '79a, '80). Under these circumstances the term gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GRH), rather than LRH, should be employed. Attempts to identify the hypothalamic areas concerned with the synthesis and transport of GRH, using the immunoreactive response to synthetic LRH, tend to support involvement of the NPO and NLT (Schreibman et al., '79; Pan et al., ...

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A Silver Impregnation Method for Nervous Tissue Suitable for Routine use with Mounted Sections

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Histological Examination of Chick Embryos with Bilateral Microphthalmus with Reference to Laterality in the Visual Apparatuses

Histological Examination of Chick Embryos with Bilateral Microphthalmus with Reference to Laterality in the Visual Apparatuses

An autoradiographic study of the retinal projection in Xenopus laevis with comparisons to Rana

Long‐term effects of hypothalamic lesions on the pituitary and its target organs in the killifish Fundulus heteroclitus. I. Effects on the gonads, thyroid, and growth

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