“…On the other hand, the Al 3+ ion is a hard acid that prefers to bind through hard donor sites of the chelating groups such as oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms. Utilizing this phenomenon, over the past few years, several research groups have developed a variety of fluorescent materials and methods for detecting Al 3+ ions based on organic dyes such as quinoline, , coumarin-naphthol, pyrene, , benzothiazole, , benzoindole, isophorone, naphthalene, naphthalimide, picolinohydrazide-based Schiff’s base components, and rhodamine derivatives . Huang et.…”