A side by side comparison of the cooling effect of building blocks with retro-reflective and diffuse-reflective walls

Qin, Yinghong; Jia, Liang; Tan, Kanghao; Li, Fanghua

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2016.03.067

Cited by 108 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The standards-based laboratory [67] and field methods [68,69] for albedo measurement provide single reflectance quantities of small (0.1-5 cm 2 ), flat, homogenous surfaces or the hemispherically-integrated value of larger (>1 m 2 ) horizontal and low-sloped homogeneous diffusely-reflecting surfaces or the aggregate quantity of non-uniform horizontal surfaces [70] with relatively high accuracy (error <2%) [66]. However, the aforementioned methods have several limitations when applied to real urban surfaces [64,66,71,72].…”

Section: Methods For Measuring Solar Reflectance-remote Sensing Of Urmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Building Facades on Outdoor Microclimate—Reflectance Recovery from Terrestrial Multispectral Images Using a Robust Empirical Line Method

Fox

Osmond

Peters

2018

Climate

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Climate change and the urban heat island effect pose significant health, energy and economic risks. Urban heat mitigation research promotes the use of reflective surfaces to counteract the negative effects of extreme heat. Surface reflectance is a key parameter for understanding, modeling and modifying the urban surface energy balance to cool cities and improve outdoor thermal comfort. The majority of urban surface studies address the impacts of horizontal surface properties at the material and precinct scales. However, there is a gap in research focusing on individual building facades. This paper analyses the results of a novel application of the empirical line method to calibrate a terrestrial low-cost multispectral sensor to recover spectral reflectance from urban vertical surfaces. The high correlation between measured and predicted mean reflectance values per waveband (0.940 (Red) < r s > 0.967 (NIR)) confirmed a near-perfect positive agreement between pairs of samples of ranked scores. The measured and predicted distributions exhibited no statistically significant difference at the 95% confidence level. Accuracy measures indicate absolute errors within previously reported limits and support the utility of a single-target spectral reflectance recovery method for urban heat mitigation studies focusing on individual building facades.Climate 2018, 6, 56 2 of 26 UHIs develop in most cities regardless of climate [10] and have been observed globally in over 400 urban areas [4]. The magnitude of the screen height air temperature difference between urban and non-urban locations, or between different Local Climate Zones [10], is quantified by the "UHI intensity" which is most pronounced during calm, clear summer nights [2]. The average maximum UHI intensity for 87 European cities has been reported to be almost 6.2 K within a range of 2.8 K to 12 K [11]. Similar magnitude UHI intensities were reported for 101 Asian and Australian cities [12].The superimposition of inadvertent urban heating (i.e., UHIs) and global warming, including more frequent, longer and intense heat waves [13][14][15] elevates the risk of heat-related mortality and illness in cities [16][17][18] and extreme urban heat has detrimental outdoor comfort, economic and building energy impacts [19][20][21]. The intentional modification of urban surface geometry, cover and fabric to reduce urban heat and decouple heat waves from amplified UHIs [22,23] is now a policy priority for many cities [24,25]. Urban Heat Mitigation-Current Status and Cooling MagnitudeIn summer, solar absorption by urban surfaces is the dominant cause of the UHI effect [5]. Recent efforts to mitigate the formation of urban heat at different spatial scales have focused on changes to urban surface geometry and fabric [26][27][28] with the primary aim of controlling the absorption of solar radiation and increasing moisture availability [22,29]. However, due to the significant urban surface and air temperature reduction potential of reflective technologies [19,30] heat mitigation solely...

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Section: Methods For Measuring Solar Reflectance-remote Sensing Of Urmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Building Facades on Outdoor Microclimate—Reflectance Recovery from Terrestrial Multispectral Images Using a Robust Empirical Line Method

Fox

Osmond

Peters

2018

Climate

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“…Energy-related subjects affect different aspects of our life such as the surrounding temperature, the quality of life, and the environment. [1][2][3] The trend of CO 2 emissions is considerably increased in several years in consequence of expanding the range of fossil fuel consumption, industrial activities, etc. [4][5][6] In order to address global warming, the amount of heat-trapping emissions must be reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological assessment and modeling of energy‐related CO₂ emissions for the G8 countries by using hybrid IWO algorithm based on SVM

Ghazvini

Madvar

Ahmadi

et al. 2020

Energy Science & Engineering

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Recently, energy‐related CO2 emissions are considered as one of the most crucial issues and are promptly augmented due to further urbanization. In this paper, in order to model and calculate yearly CO2 emission, an artificial neural network is used. For the first time, the IWO‐SVM method has been applied in modeling energy‐related CO2 emissions. In this regard, consumption of different energy sources such as renewable energy, natural gas, coal, and oil, and GDP of the G8 countries in various years (from 1990 to 2016) are regarded as input in the present study. For the aim of evaluating the exact ability of the SVM and SVM‐IWO models, the performance of these models in three different modes is carried out on the basis of the number of data in the test and train sections. For this purpose, implementations are split into three categories (a = 80% of the data for the train section and 20% for the test section; b = 70% of the data for the train section and 30% for the test section; and c = 60% of the data for the train section and 40% for the test section). Furthermore, five scenarios were selected on the basis of the number of input parameters and input parameters for achieving the best model. As indicated in the results in all scenarios, the correlation of the model with the hybrid invasive weed algorithm based on SVM is more favorable than that in the support vector machine model, due to better training of the SVM‐IWO model than the SVM model. Moreover, the technological orientations of the G8 countries to mitigate CO2 emissions are determined through patent analysis. While the patents have essential information, investigating the published patent by a country could be helpful for determination of technological orientations. Hence, all published patents by these countries are extracted and deeply analyzed. In the next step, to find out main technological approaches, all patents and their intents have been studied. Eventually, the technological life cycles and trends of each main technology are drawn.

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“…Furthermore, the precision and correctness of the new formula are highly developed. In recent years, scientists highly applied neural networks (NNs) as an efficient method for the prediction of the formula among the available data . Indeed, this method is efficient and declines the cost of computational methods and offer a more robust prediction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of neural network on heat transfer enhancement of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid

Gerdroodbary

2019

Heat Trans. Asian Res.

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A side by side comparison of the cooling effect of building blocks with retro-reflective and diffuse-reflective walls

Cited by 108 publications

References 39 publications

The Effect of Building Facades on Outdoor Microclimate—Reflectance Recovery from Terrestrial Multispectral Images Using a Robust Empirical Line Method

The Effect of Building Facades on Outdoor Microclimate—Reflectance Recovery from Terrestrial Multispectral Images Using a Robust Empirical Line Method

Technological assessment and modeling of energy‐related CO₂ emissions for the G8 countries by using hybrid IWO algorithm based on SVM

Application of neural network on heat transfer enhancement of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid

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A side by side comparison of the cooling effect of building blocks with retro-reflective and diffuse-reflective walls

Cited by 108 publications

References 39 publications

The Effect of Building Facades on Outdoor Microclimate—Reflectance Recovery from Terrestrial Multispectral Images Using a Robust Empirical Line Method

The Effect of Building Facades on Outdoor Microclimate—Reflectance Recovery from Terrestrial Multispectral Images Using a Robust Empirical Line Method

Technological assessment and modeling of energy‐related CO2 emissions for the G8 countries by using hybrid IWO algorithm based on SVM

Application of neural network on heat transfer enhancement of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid

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Product

Resources

About

Technological assessment and modeling of energy‐related CO₂ emissions for the G8 countries by using hybrid IWO algorithm based on SVM