A short review on rubber/clay nanocomposites with emphasis on mechanical properties

Sengupta, Rajatendu; Chakraborty, Sugata; Bandyopadhyay, S.; Dasgupta, Sudip; Mukhopadhyay, R.; Auddy, Kausick; Deuri, A. S.

doi:10.1002/pen.20921

Cited by 262 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

165

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Literature reporting on polymer clay nanocomposites (PCN) is available [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and it has to be considered, to fully understand structure and properties of RCN. Reviews are also available, dealing specifically with rubbers [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubber Clay Nanocomposites

Galimberti¹

2012

Advanced Elastomers - Technology, Properties and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubber Clay Nanocomposites

Galimberti¹

2012

Advanced Elastomers - Technology, Properties and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Finally, if the interaction between the clay and the polymer is very good, an exfoliated morphology can be obtained. [19][20][21] It is generally accepted that exfoliation is required for enhanced permeability and mechanical properties, whereas the type of nanocomposite, either intercalated or conventional, does not seem to be important in determining the thermal properties and fire retardancy of polymer materials. 22,23 Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) is a promising material that has been commercialized and widely studied by the academic community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, if the interaction between the clay and the polymer is very good, an exfoliated morphology can be obtained. [19][20][21] It is generally …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exfoliated syndiotactic polystyrene-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate)/montmorillonite nanocomposite prepared by solvent blending

Jaymand

2011

Polym J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aims to explore an effective route for the graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer onto syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) using free-radical polymerization, and the effects of an organophilic montmorillonite on the final properties of graft copolymer samples. For this purpose, the chlorine groups of a-phenyl-chloro-acetylated sPS were converted to 9-decen-1-oxy groups by a substitution nucleophilic reaction in the presence of a solvent composed of 9-decen-1-ol moiety, sodium hydride (NaH) and dry N,N-dimethylformamide. The vinyl-terminated sPS multicenter macromonomer (VsPSM) obtained was used in free-radical copolymerization with MMA monomer in a heterogeneous process to yield a graft copolymer (sPS-graftpoly(methyl methacrylate) (sPS-g-PMMA)). The structure of VsPSM and sPS-g-PMMA were determined by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thereafter, organophilic MMT was obtained after being treated with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride salt by an ion-exchange process. Finally, the sPS-g-PMMA/MMT nanocomposite was prepared by a solution intercalation method. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm nanocomposite formation. It was found that the addition of only a small amount of organoclay (3 wt%) was enough to improve the thermal stabilities and properties of the nanocomposite. Polymer Journal (2011) 43, 901-908; doi:10.1038/pj.2011.79; published online 7 September 2011Keywords: free-radical polymerization; graft copolymer; macromonomer; montmorillonite; nanocomposite; poly(methyl methacrylate); syndiotactic polystyrene INTRODUCTION Nanocomposites are defined as materials in which the particle size of the dispersed phase is in the nanometer range in at least one dimension. Organic-inorganic hybrids based on layered inorganic compounds, such as clays and organic polymers, have been studied because of their exceptional properties, such as increased modulus, strength, reduced gas permeability and enhanced thermal stability. [1][2][3][4][5] The dispersion of the silicate layers in the polymer matrix is improved by replacing the metal cations in the clay (such as sodium MMT; Na + -MMT) with ions bearing an aliphatic chain to compatibilize the silicate. This compatibilization enhances the silicate's interaction with the polymer by enlarging the interlayer, and the compatibilized clay is known as an organoclay. [6][7][8][9] Although complete compatibility between the long aliphatic chain of the organic modifier and the polymer matrix may be desirable for better dispersion of the clay, it appears that the modification of the clay by the introduction of surfactants to obtain better compatibility is less important than the modification of the polymer matrix by the introduction of polar groups. Polymers containing polar groups capable of associative interactions, such as Lewis acid/base interactions or hydrogen bonding, lead to intercalation of polymer chains in the silicate layers. To improve the polarizability or hy...

show abstract

“…Many attempts have been focused on the field of rubber/organo clay nanocomposites. The status and future trends [9], mechanical properties [10][11][12], rheology and thermodynamic [13] and effect of vulcanization ingredients [14] were studied. In spite of many researches in the field of the extrusion of thermoplastic nanocomposites, there are only a few publications about affective parameters in batch mixer for producing rubber nanocomposite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effect of processing conditions and organoclay content on the properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites by response surface methodology

Ghasemi

Karrabi²,

Mohammadi³

et al. 2010

Express Polym. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In this work, basic mathematical models and response surface graphs have been used to illustrate the relationship between mixing parameters in internal mixer and properties of the SBR (styrene butadiene rubber)/organoclay composites. Using a Box-Behnken statistical design experiment methodology, the effects of mixing temperature (80-140°C), mixing time (4-12 min) and nano filler amount (3-9 phr) in SBR nanocomposites on the properties (tensile properties, scorch time and Mooney viscosity) were evaluated. It was found that the mixing parameters (time and temperature) have the predominant role in properties and morphology of nanocomposite. The R 2 values (the R 2 values indicate the degree of agreement between the experimental results with those predicted by model) of all responses were above 0.85. Increasing temperature and mixing time facilitated a better organoclay dispersion which resulted in a better tensile property. With increase in nanoclay amount in composite the scorch time and Mooney viscosity decreased. The morphology of nanocomposite was studied by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and TEM (Transmission electron microscope). Intercalation and exfoliation of the nanoclay were observed for samples with higher temperature and longer mixing time. Due to thermal degradation of the rubber matrix at 140°C, tensile properties of the nanocomposite were decreased.

show abstract

A short review on rubber/clay nanocomposites with emphasis on mechanical properties

Cited by 262 publications

References 72 publications

Rubber Clay Nanocomposites

Rubber Clay Nanocomposites

Exfoliated syndiotactic polystyrene-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate)/montmorillonite nanocomposite prepared by solvent blending

Evaluating the effect of processing conditions and organoclay content on the properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites by response surface methodology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About