A short review on 3D printing methods, process parameters and materials

Prabhakar, Mona; Saravanan, A.; Lenin, A. Haiter; Leno, I. Jerin; Mayandi, K.; Ramalingam, P. Sethu

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.225

Cited by 99 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The obtained 3D objects are highly customized and represent a cost-efficient production. This technique is probably the most adequate for controlling and modifying the internal microarchitecture of scaffolds [ 103 , 104 , 105 ].…”

Section: Bioengineered Thermo-responsive Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Bioengineered Scaffolds Composed of Thermo-Responsive Polymers for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing

Henríquez

Castro-Alpízar

Lopretti-Correa

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Innate and adaptive immune responses lead to wound healing by regulating a complex series of events promoting cellular cross-talk. An inflammatory response is presented with its characteristic clinical symptoms: heat, pain, redness, and swelling. Some smart thermo-responsive polymers like chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alginate, and poly(ε-caprolactone) can be used to create biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds. These processed thermo-responsive biomaterials possess 3D architectures similar to human structures, providing physical support for cell growth and tissue regeneration. Furthermore, these structures are used as novel drug delivery systems. Locally heated tumors above the polymer lower the critical solution temperature and can induce its conversion into a hydrophobic form by an entropy-driven process, enhancing drug release. When the thermal stimulus is gone, drug release is reduced due to the swelling of the material. As a result, these systems can contribute to the wound healing process in accelerating tissue healing, avoiding large scar tissue, regulating the inflammatory response, and protecting from bacterial infections. This paper integrates the relevant reported contributions of bioengineered scaffolds composed of smart thermo-responsive polymers for drug delivery applications in wound healing. Therefore, we present a comprehensive review that aims to demonstrate these systems’ capacity to provide spatially and temporally controlled release strategies for one or more drugs used in wound healing. In this sense, the novel manufacturing techniques of 3D printing and electrospinning are explored for the tuning of their physicochemical properties to adjust therapies according to patient convenience and reduce drug toxicity and side effects.

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Section: Bioengineered Thermo-responsive Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Bioengineered Scaffolds Composed of Thermo-Responsive Polymers for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing

Henríquez

Castro-Alpízar

Lopretti-Correa

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ACI standard 304.2R-96-2000 (17) on placing concrete with pumping methods, like many of the diagrams used by concrete pump manufacturers, accepts the simplifying assumption that head loss and flow rate are linearly correlated. The empirical formula used is Equation [1]. Simplified formula for calculating pumping pressure, defines the pressure (p)-flow (q) p/q, m 3 /h relationship as linear during pumping.…”

Section: Pumping Fresh Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That constant, b (coefficient on the tables published in the standard), is expressed as the mean slump. [1] New procedures have been developed in recent years that deliver a greater quantity of more accurate information than those traditionally used to find the pumping pressure required to ensure a suitable supply of material from the mixer to the printer nozzle. These procedures attempt to be more sensitive to water/cement ratio, aggregate shape and admixtures than the aforementioned viscometers and concrete dispersion tables.…”

Section: Pumping Fresh Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printability of materials for extrusion 3D printing technologies: a review of material requirements and testin

et al. 2021

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One of the major challenges facing 3D printing for construction is the technological suitability, ‘printability’, of the materials used. These cement-based materials differ from those used in other sectors, which has a series of conditioning factors that are the object of the present analysis. This article first reviews the definition of the term ‘printability’ and its constituent stages. Those stages condition the requirements to be met by cement-based materials, whether designed for other uses or developed ad hoc, and therefore the tests applicable to determine their aptitude for use in additive manufacturing for construction. That is followed by a review of the standardised tests presently in place for mortars and concretes that can be used to verify a material’s compliance with such requirements. The paper concludes with a recommendation on the advisability of developing a standard test or suite of tests to ascertain printability.

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“…The general process of 3D printing includes five parts: 3D modeling, 3D digital slicing, 3DP loading, layered processing, and superimposed molding. (16) Firstly, SolidWorks software is used for 3D modeling in accordance with the 3D printing process. Meanwhile, the model structure and process are optimized.…”

Section: Product Design Modeling Of 3d Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional Printing of Product Design ModelsUsing Continuous-fiber-reinforced Composites

Cheng¹

2021

Sensors and Materials

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing has the main advantages of a high material utilization rate, diversified design, rapid prototyping, the ability to form complex products, high printing speed, and high quality of printed products. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology can rapidly generate models with different structural characteristics and then transform the models into actual products. In this study, considering the basic principles of FDM, we first analyzed the process flow and the factors affecting 3D printing. The principle of separating the model and adding support was discussed. Next, the types of support of the model were classified. Finally, the process integrity of different models was studied using examples, and an optimal design scheme for different types of support was proposed. The rapid development of 3D printing technology is expected to realize the effective manufacturing of composite structures with complex geometric shapes, thus further expanding the application range of composite materials. Therefore, in this study, from the perspective of mechanical properties, we analyzed the research status of 3D printing using continuous-fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) and performed tests in terms of bending properties. The results show that, on the one hand, adding different types of support can improve the forming process and quality of the products. On the other hand, the effects of bending properties on the mechanical properties and damage evolution law of 3D-printed CFRC products were obtained under typical loads, and a strength/stiffness analysis and a prediction method were used to determine the main factors that affected the mechanical properties.

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A short review on 3D printing methods, process parameters and materials

Cited by 99 publications

References 38 publications

Exploration of Bioengineered Scaffolds Composed of Thermo-Responsive Polymers for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing

Exploration of Bioengineered Scaffolds Composed of Thermo-Responsive Polymers for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing

Printability of materials for extrusion 3D printing technologies: a review of material requirements and testin

Three-dimensional Printing of Product Design ModelsUsing Continuous-fiber-reinforced Composites

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