A short overview of vitamin C and selected cells of the immune system

Pavlović, Voja; Saraç, Mehmet

doi:10.2478/s11536-010-0066-x

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…It is well documented that immune cells are sensitive to oxidative stress because of the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their plasma membranes and a high production of ROS, which is part of their normal function [ 22 ]. Intensive ROS production may induce apoptosis by oxidative stress or direct ROS damage to cellular components [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Cell death depends, in part, upon mitochondrial dysfunction, which if often characterized by increased production of ROS, increased membrane permeability and eventual release of cell death mediators from mitochondria [ 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Camphor and Borneol on Rat Thymocyte Viability and Oxidative Stress

et al. 2012

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Camphor and borneol are wildly distributed in the essential oils of medicinal plants from various parts of the World. Our study has been carried out to evaluate the effect of these two bicyclic monoterpenes on rat thymocytes. Camphor and borneol at concentrations of 0.5 and 5 µg/mL did not induce significant toxicity on the immune system cells, while a significant increase of thymocyte viability was detected when cells were incubated with 50 µg/mL of camphor. A significant increase of cell viability was similarly detected when thymocytes were cultivated with borneol at concentrations of 0.5 and 5 µg/mL. The role of camphor and borneol in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disturbances in rat thymocytes as well as their potential mechanism(s) of action were also discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Camphor and Borneol on Rat Thymocyte Viability and Oxidative Stress

et al. 2012

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“…Vitamin C is a major component of the body anti-oxidant system and is known to provide protection from the toxic effects of many exogenous/endogenous toxicants, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). While ROS are generated as byproducts of normal aerobic respiration, they are also readily formed during inflammation and during host cell responses to exposure to environmental toxicants (McGregor and Biesalski 2006;Pavlovic and Sarac 2010). Because the data here showed that Vit C cotreatment appeared to block/mitigate toxicities in rabbits, we surmise that the splenotoxic effects of endosulfan may be mediated in great part by the formation of ROS and/or other agents that are subject to chemical reduction in situ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Endosulfan splenic pathology and amelioration by vitamin C in New Zealand rabbit

Özmen

2015

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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Endosulfan, a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide/acaricide, is a member of a cyclodiene sub-group of poisons to a wide variety of insects and mites. It is also toxic to humans and animals, but there is limited knowledge about endosulfan-related splenic and overall immunotoxicity. The aim of this study was to review pathological findings of endosulfan toxicity in the spleen and to examine potential protective effects of the anti-oxidant Vitamin C (Vit C). Here, after 6-week exposures, the spleens of New Zealand White rabbits were examined grossly and histopathologically and tissue caspase-3 activity was assessed immunohistochemically. Rabbits in four groups were used: Group END were given by oral gavage a sub-lethal dose of endosulfan (1 mg/kg) in corn oil daily for 6 weeks; Group END + C received the same dose of endosulfan daily and Vit C (20 mg/kg) every other day by gavage during this period; Group Vit C received oral corn oil daily and 20 mg/kg Vit C every other day; and Group OIL received corn oil daily for 6 weeks. Analyses of the tissues collected 1 week after the final dosing revealed lymphocyte depletion and necrosis in spleens of the hosts that received the pesticide (END only and END + C); hemorrhage and slight neutrophilic infiltration was also noted. Caspase-3 immunoreactivity was marked in lymphocytes in all spleens of rabbits in both END groups. Overall, these toxicities were mitigated by Vit C co-treatment; in END + C hosts, markedly decreased depletion of lymphocytes, inflammation and caspase-3 immunoreactivity were observed. However, even with mitigation, the level of toxicity present was still greater than any seen in the spleens of hosts that received OIL or Vit C alone. These results revealed endosulfan could cause toxicity in the rabbit spleen, characterized by depletion of lymphocytes, inflammation, necrosis and hemorrhage, and that this toxicity could begin to be mitigated by Vit C co-treatment.

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“…Vitamin C depletion leads to inflammation or infection [37]. This is why blood levels of vitamin C drop during times of disease or infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metadichol® Induced High Levels of Vitamin C: Case Studies

Pr¹

2017

Vitam Miner

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We recently reported that Metadichol ® brings about a three to four-fold increase in Vitamin C levels in patients without the use of Vitamin C supplementation. In this study of 6 patients who experienced a 5-12 fold increase in plasma Vitamin C levels higher than 80-100 u mol/L level which is the highest reported to date by oral supplementation at high doses of Vitamin C. Metadichol improved in these patients TSH levels, normalized High Blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, reduced eosinophil count, high triglycerides, body fat reduction and increased bone mass, normalized sodium levels, reducing high insulin levels, increased creatinine output in urine and also reducing of Red Cell Distribution width %. Metadichol thus serves as a surrogate for Vitamin C at doses of 5 mg per day as opposed to mega doses that are currently used.

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A short overview of vitamin C and selected cells of the immune system

Cited by 14 publications

References 84 publications

The Effect of Camphor and Borneol on Rat Thymocyte Viability and Oxidative Stress

The Effect of Camphor and Borneol on Rat Thymocyte Viability and Oxidative Stress

Endosulfan splenic pathology and amelioration by vitamin C in New Zealand rabbit

Metadichol® Induced High Levels of Vitamin C: Case Studies

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