A Short History of Efficiency

Witzel, Morgen

doi:10.1111/1467-8616.00232

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Witzel [11] formulates this goal as follows: 'The ultimate aim is to increase output, to reduce inputs or (more usually) both, thereby improving profitability.' (p.39) According to some authors this concept of efficiency is not always ratio maximizing, but achieving an appropriate rate.…”

Section: Business Efficiency Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(p.4) The exact definition of business efficiency is not known. Witzel [11] says: 'The theory is a simple one: efficient businesses survive while inefficient ones go to the wall.' (p.38) There is a common logical turning point, where researchers usually lead profitability back to efficiency (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(p.38) There is a common logical turning point, where researchers usually lead profitability back to efficiency (e.g. [11], [12]). According to Dellmann [13] economies follow the rational principle with the premise of bringing the greatest possible benefit to economic agents in the sense of their objective function, so profitability is considered as a multi-dimensional assessment criterion of business efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Uniform Logic System of Business Efficiency Evaluation Methods

Illés¹

2019

aeb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper shows that the various rating calculation methods of business efficiency calculations are built according to an unified logic system. It provides an overview of the rich methodological background and presents a transparent system picture. The analysis shows that the general return requirement is the starting point for business efficiency calculation methods, pointing out that only those methods of calculation are suitable for measuring business efficiency which are logically consistent with the general return requirement. It shows also the essentials of the mixed profit categories and presents and interprets the method elements of business efficiency calculations, which can be used to construct various calculation formulas for different business matters. The uniform logic system of method elements may form a guiding thread when selecting and evaluating the correctness of the method used. The paper draws attention to the fact that a number of efficiency-computing conceptions obviously fail to comply with the general return requirement and consequently in such cases may also be preferred less efficient or even inefficient variants.

show abstract

Section: Business Efficiency Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Uniform Logic System of Business Efficiency Evaluation Methods

Illés¹

2019

aeb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to him, like a business organization, 'the principal aim of the human body is economy in the expenditure of bodily power and energy required to secure the attainment of efficient results in the form of action and accomplishments'. Knoeppel (2001a) shows how organization between key elements of the body-the brain (as guide and controller), senses (as expert acquirers and processors of information), and other organs and limbs (as performers of functional tasks)-results in the entire body being harnessed to achieve its goals (Witzel, 2002). This is analogous to line and staff activities of business organizations.…”

Section: Human Body Typified As a Business Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Line and Staff Functions in Organizations Revisited: A Bionic System Analogy Using ISM

Agarwal

Vrat

2015

Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this article is to identify variables and their interrelationships causing line and staff conflict in organizations. Specifically it is comparing and analyzing the causes of line and staff conflict from human body perspective, assuming it to be an optimally managed organization. A generally applicable framework that establishes relationship between these variables is developed using interpretative structural modelling (ISM). The developed framework is then compared with the organization of line and staff functions in the human body, presuming that with this the real cause of the problem could be understood. In this effort, it has been found that an optimal degree of flexibility, top management involvement, equity, clearly defined roles and appropriate design and reporting relationships are the major strategies followed by human body that can help managers to eliminate conflict. It is expected that based on this comparison some ways of resolving conflict within organizations can be suggested. Besides, we can also expect that mimicking a variety of elements in human body organization can inspire business organizations to learn improvements in their design and function too.

show abstract

“…To remain competitive, corporations have long sought to maximize production efficiency, defined here as the ratio of output to input, by trimming waste and producing more (1). With increasing competition for research grants and jobs, funders and employers have turned to measures of efficiency and productivity to evaluate scientists (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing disparities between resource inputs and outcomes, as measured by certain health deliverables, in biomedical research

Bowen

Casadevall

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Society makes substantial investments in biomedical research, searching for ways to better human health. The product of this research is principally information published in scientific journals. Continued investment in science relies on society’s confidence in the accuracy, honesty, and utility of research results. A recent focus on productivity has dominated the competitive evaluation of scientists, creating incentives to maximize publication numbers, citation counts, and publications in high-impact journals. Some studies have also suggested a decreasing quality in the published literature. The efficiency of society’s investments in biomedical research, in terms of improved health outcomes, has not been studied. We show that biomedical research outcomes over the last five decades, as estimated by both life expectancy and New Molecular Entities approved by the Food and Drug Administration, have remained relatively constant despite rising resource inputs and scientific knowledge. Research investments by the National Institutes of Health over this time correlate with publication and author numbers but not with the numerical development of novel therapeutics. We consider several possibilities for the growing input-outcome disparity including the prior elimination of easier research questions, increasing specialization, overreliance on reductionism, a disproportionate emphasis on scientific outputs, and other negative pressures on the scientific enterprise. Monitoring the efficiency of research investments in producing positive societal outcomes may be a useful mechanism for weighing the efficacy of reforms to the scientific enterprise. Understanding the causes of the increasing input-outcome disparity in biomedical research may improve society’s confidence in science and provide support for growing future research investments.

show abstract

A Short History of Efficiency

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

The Uniform Logic System of Business Efficiency Evaluation Methods

The Uniform Logic System of Business Efficiency Evaluation Methods

Line and Staff Functions in Organizations Revisited: A Bionic System Analogy Using ISM

Increasing disparities between resource inputs and outcomes, as measured by certain health deliverables, in biomedical research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About