A sex-linked allele, autosomal modifiers and temperature-dependence appear to regulate melanism in male mosquitofish (<i>Gambusia holbrooki</i>)

Horth, Lisa

doi:10.1242/jeb.02599

Cited by 30 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…, 2008). Climate warming has the potential to alter colour frequencies if the expression of melanin coloration is dependent on temperature (Horth, 2006; Lepetz et al. , 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanin coloration has temperature‐dependent effects on breeding performance that may maintain phenotypic variation in a passerine bird

Sirkiä

Virolainen

Laaksonen

2010

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Fluctuating selection pressure may maintain phenotypic variation because of different types of individuals being adapted to different environmental conditions. We show that the extensive variation in the coloration of male pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) can be maintained through differences in the reproductive success of male phenotypes under different conditions. The effects of weather conditions on the relative success of different male phenotypes varied between different phases of breeding. The reproductive output of black males was the highest when it was cold during egg‐laying but warm during the nestling period, whereas the fledgling production of brown males was highest when it was continuously warm. In addition, male forehead and wing patch sizes had context‐dependent effects on timing of breeding and nestling mortality, respectively. These results indicate that environmental heterogeneity plays a role in maintaining phenotypic variation. As melanin‐based coloration is heritable, climate change may alter phenotype frequencies depending on the patterns of warming.

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“…, 2008). Climate warming has the potential to alter colour frequencies if the expression of melanin coloration is dependent on temperature (Horth, 2006; Lepetz et al. , 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanin coloration has temperature‐dependent effects on breeding performance that may maintain phenotypic variation in a passerine bird

Sirkiä

Virolainen

Laaksonen

2010

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…Compared to S males, M males have been reported to be more aggressive (Martin , Horth ; but see Kraft et al. ), more likely to pursue females, and more likely to elicit evasive behaviors from conspecifics (Horth ). M males also have more social partners (Kraft et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GxG epistasis in growth and condition and the maintenance of genetic polymorphism inGambusia holbrooki

et al. 2018

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Theory on indirect genetic effects (IGEs) indicates that variation in the genetic composition of social groups can generate GxG epistasis that may promote the evolution of stable polymorphisms. Using a livebearing fish with a genetic polymorphism in coloration and associated behavioral differences, we tested whether genotypes of social partners interacted with focal individual genotypes to influence growth and condition over 16 weeks of development. We found that IGEs had a significant influence on patterns of feeding, regardless of focal fish genotype. There was no influence of social environment on juvenile length, but there was significant GxG epistasis for body condition. Each focal juvenile was in better condition when its own genotype was not present in adult social partners. These data are consistent with negative frequency-dependent selection in which each morph performs better when it is rare. Neither variation in feeding nor activity-related behaviors explained variation in body condition, suggesting that GxG epistasis for condition was caused by physiological differences between the two genotypes. These findings indicate that GxG epistasis in a given polymorphism can generate fitness landscapes that contribute to the maintenance of that polymorphism and to maintenance of genetic variation for additional fitness-related traits.

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“…Penetrance of the M genotype at the Wacissa River site is not known. However, data from known temperature‐sensitive populations indicate that behavior of genotypically M males that are phenotypically silver does not differ from that of genotypically S males (Horth , ). Therefore, contrasts between melanic and silver males in this population estimate the effects of the M allele when it is expressed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wild adult S males, M males, and females were collected from a population in Newport Spring, FL (described in Horth ), and established as breeding colonies in a laboratory at Florida State University in 2011. Opaque dividers were placed between ten‐gallon housing tanks to prevent interactions between fish in different tanks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Color Morphs in the Eastern Mosquitofish Experience Different Social Environments in the Wild and Laboratory

et al. 2016

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The social environment of an animal is an especially interesting component of its environment because it can be shaped by both genetic and non‐genetic variation among social partners. Indirect genetic effects (IGEs) are those created when genetic variation in social partners contributes to variation in an individual's phenotype; a potentially common form of IGE occurs when the expression of a behavioral phenotype depends on the particular genotypic combination of interacting individuals. Although IGEs can profoundly affect individual‐ and group‐level fitness, population dynamics, and even community structure, understanding their importance is complicated by two inherent challenges: (1) identifying individuals with genetic differences in social interactions that can contribute to IGEs and (2) characterizing natural social interactions that potentially involve IGEs. As a first step toward addressing both these challenges in the same system, we investigated social interactions involving genetically distinct male color morphs in the poeciliid fish Gambusia holbrooki under natural and laboratory conditions. Previous work indicates that melanic (M) and silver (S) males differ in social behavior and in how conspecifics respond to them, suggesting the potential for IGEs. We used a combination of live and video recording of social groups in two natural populations and in the laboratory to determine the potential for IGEs to contribute to behavioral variation in this species. We found that M males had more social partners, and especially more female social partners than did S males, in nature and in the laboratory. These results suggest that both direct and indirect genetic effects have the potential to play a role in the expression and evolution of social behavior in G. holbrooki.

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A sex-linked allele, autosomal modifiers and temperature-dependence appear to regulate melanism in male mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki)

Cited by 30 publications

References 50 publications

Melanin coloration has temperature‐dependent effects on breeding performance that may maintain phenotypic variation in a passerine bird

Melanin coloration has temperature‐dependent effects on breeding performance that may maintain phenotypic variation in a passerine bird

GxG epistasis in growth and condition and the maintenance of genetic polymorphism inGambusia holbrooki

Genetic Color Morphs in the Eastern Mosquitofish Experience Different Social Environments in the Wild and Laboratory

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