A Seven-Year Prospective Study on Spondylodiscitis: Epidemiological and Microbiological Features

D’Agostino, Claudia; Scorzolini, Laura; Massetti, A. P.; Carnevalini, Martina; d’Ettorre, Gabriella; Venditti, Mario; Vullo, Vincenzo; Orsi, Giovanni Battista

doi:10.1007/s15010-009-9340-8

Cited by 129 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1,2,8,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29] The majority of the micro-organism is sensitive to methicillin, but in recent years cases with staphylococci resistant to the medication become more frequent. 1 Gram-negative microorganisms in patients with SS are isolated in 7-33%, as the most common species are Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.…”

Section: Cause Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,4 Coagulase-negative staphylococci cause spinal infection in 5-16%. [23][24][25][27][28][29] In postoperative infections and those associated with endocarditis often Staphylococcus epidermidis is isolated. 18 Enterococci and Streptococci are also reported as causing SS in 5-20% of cases, as most often the septic embolus is of dental or cardiac origin.…”

Section: Cause Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Gouliouris T. et al, Candida albicans occurs in 1-2%, while C. D'Agostino et al report 9.2%. 8,29 Risk factors for the occurrence of fungal infection are immunosuppressive conditions, diabetes mellitus, prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotic or parenteral therapy, and hospitalization in intensive care wards. 1 Data in the literature indicate that polymicrobial agents are found in about 10%.…”

Section: Cause Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 Several large prospective studies have found that no causative agent of SS is isolated in 21% -34% of the cases. 7,23,29,30,33 …”

Section: Cause Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 This allows for the infection to spread to the epidural space and cause consequently more or less pronounced neurological defi cits, as the frequency of formation of epidural abscess varies from 10 -27%. 2,5,29 Permanent vertebralgia, increasing at night and rigidity of the paravertebral muscles are the most common symptoms of SS, observed in more than 80% of the cases. 1,2,5,8,13,29 Some patients report febrile state before the debut of pain, most likely due to the hematogenous inoculation of the spine, followed by lasting afebrile periods.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spontaneous Spondylodiscitis - Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment

2017

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Spontaneous spondylodiscitis is a rare but serious infectious disease which is a combination of an inflammatory process, involving one or more adjacent vertebral bodies (spondylitis), the intervertebral discs (discitis) and finally - the neighboring neural structures. In most cases the condition is due to a hematogenous infection and can affect all regions of the spinal cord, but it is usually localized in the lumbar area. The most common clinical symptom is a pronounced, constant and increasing nocturnal paravertebral pain, while consequently different degrees of residual neurological symptoms from nerve roots and/or spinal cord may appear. The disease course is chronic and the lack of specific symptoms often prolongs the time between its debut and the diagnosis. This delay in diagnosis determines its potentially high morbidity and mortality. Treatment is conservative in cases with no residual neurological symptoms and consists of antibiotic therapy and immobilization. Surgical treatment is necessary in patients with neurological deficit, spinal instability or drug resistance.

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