A Series of Inverse Continuous Modes for Designing Broadband Power Amplifiers

Abstract

In this letter, a series of inverse continuous modes for implementing highly efficient broadband power amplifiers (PAs) are proposed. These series of inverse continuous modes are extended from continuous Class-F −1 mode. A broadband PA, which operates across 2.4-3.9 GHz, is designed based on the series of inverse continuous modes (SICMs). The experimental results show that this power amplifier achieve drain efficiency of 62.2%-74.7% in the whole interesting band. The average output power of this designed PA is 11.9 W with average drain efficiency of 68.1%.Index Terms-Broadband, class-F −1 , high efficiency, power amplifier, series of inverse continuous modes.

Design of broadband power amplifier based on series of continuous inverse modes with phase shift

“…Where I MAX is the saturated drain current, i dc ¼ 0:37, i 1 ¼ 0:43, i 3 ¼ 0:06, and À1 1 [5]. It can be found that the highest harmonic of the current expansion is the fourth harmonic instead of the fifth harmonic in [7,8], which is less complexity and more accurate for actual PA.…”

“…where V DC is the operating voltage, and different values of α and β represent different continuous inverse mode. And the relationship between α and β is expounded in [5].…”

“…Furthermore, a series of continuous modes between Class-J and continuous Class-F has been proposed [4], which can offer more impedance design space. Then, a series of continuous inverse modes are appeared in succession [5,6].…”

A broadband class‐F/J hybrid power amplifier

“…The drain voltage waveform is square wave, and the current waveform is half of a sine wave. By analyzing the voltage and current waveforms [27][28][29] of the class-F power amplifier, the second harmonic impedance is reactance and the third harmonic impedance is infinity. The impedance relationships of class-F power amplifiers are shown as follows.…”

Design of broadband power amplifier based on continuous class-F mode with frequency parameterization

“…Then, the class-J principle was extended to both the Class-F and inverse Class-F modes in the form of the continuous Class-F [9] and continuous inverse Class-F [10], respectively. To further expand the design space, several hybrid continuous modes and resistive-reactive continuous modes appreared in succession [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. However, the design space of continuous modes mentioned above is derived at the current generate (I-gen) plane while the matching network is constructed at the package plane [20].…”