A serial study of rejection of Trichostrongylus colubriformis by immune sheep

McClure, S.J.; Emery, D.L.; Wagland, B.M.; Jones, W.O.

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(92)90106-u

Cited by 87 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Miller et al [20] reported that immune sheep prevented the establishment and expelled the majority of Haemonchus contortus L3 within 48 h post infection, with more than 95% of the larval challenge failing to establish in the immune tissue. Similar expulsion rates were observed in immune sheep infected with a Trichostrongylus colubriformis larval challenge [17]. An in vitro method has recently been developed, in which abomasal tissue explants were challenged with exsheathed Teladorsagia (T .)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Proteomic approach to identify candidate effector molecules during the in vitro immune exclusion of infectiveTeladorsagia circumcinctain the abomasum of sheep

Athanasiadou

Pemberton²,

Jackson³

et al. 2008

Vet. Res.

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-In the present study we have employed an in vitro organ challenge model to study the post-challenge responses in parasite naïve and immune gastric tissue of sheep, in an attempt to identify the host derived factors involved in immune exclusion of Teladorsagia circumcincta larvae. Proteins present in the epithelial cells and mucus from ovine abomasa following parasite challenge in previously naïve and immune animals were analysed through Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-Tof)-MS and shotgun proteomics. MALDI-ToF analysis of epithelial cell lysates revealed that a number of proteins identified were differentially expressed in naïve and immune cells. These included intelectin and lysozymes, which were present at higher levels in epithelial cell lysates derived from immune samples. A large number of proteins were identified in the mucosal wash from immune tissue which were not present in the mucosal wash of the naïve tissue. Some of these proteins were present in washes of immune tissue prior to the parasite challenge including immunoglobulin A, galectin 14 and 15 and sheep mast cell protease 1. However, other proteins, such as calcium activated chloride channel and intelectin were only detected in the washings from the challenged tissue. The latter may be related to an enhanced mucus release, which may result in entrapment of infective larvae and thus reduced establishment in tissue that has been previously challenged with the parasite. In conclusion, several proteins have been identified which may be involved, either directly or indirectly, in the exclusion and immune elimination of incoming infective larvae. In the present study, the usefulness of the in vitro model has been confirmed, and the global proteomic approach has identified proteins that had not previously been associated with parasite exclusion from abomasal mucosa, such as the calcium activated chloride channel.immunity / mucus / proteomics / sheep / Teladorsagia circumcincta

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Proteomic approach to identify candidate effector molecules during the in vitro immune exclusion of infectiveTeladorsagia circumcinctain the abomasum of sheep

Athanasiadou

Pemberton²,

Jackson³

et al. 2008

Vet. Res.

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“…This suggests that two independent immune mechanisms may be operating towards T. colubriformis and T. circumcincta, such as inhibition of the development of the fourth larval stage in T. circumcincta (Smith, 2007) and rapid expulsion of T. colubriformis larvae (McClure et al, 1992). Alternatively, a difference in the effectiveness of the same immune response may explain the difference in resistance to the two species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Merino ewes bred for parasite resistance reduce larval contamination onto pasture during the peri-parturient period

Williams

Greeff

Vercoe

et al. 2010

Animal

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The peri-parturient period is crucial for controlling worms as the acquired immunity of ewes is disrupted, resulting in an increase in faecal worm egg counts. Two hypotheses were tested in this experiment -that ewes bred for worm resistance would have lower faecal worm egg counts than unselected control ewes, during late pregnancy and lactation, under similar but separate grazing areas; and also that numbers of infective nematode larvae would be lower on pastures grazed by resistant ewes than pastures grazed by unselected control ewes. Faecal samples were collected from resistant and unselected ewes in late pregnancy and early lactation, during the winter rainfall season, and analysed for numbers of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Teladorsagia circumcincta. Pasture samples were taken 1 week before and 7 weeks after lambing started and analysed for infective larvae. In all sheep, worm egg counts rose 2 weeks prior to lambing and continued into lactation. Worm egg counts were significantly lower in the resistant ewes from 1 week before lambing to 2 weeks after lambing. There were no differences in egg counts between single-and twin-bearing ewes in the resistant line. However, twin-bearing control ewes had significantly higher egg counts than single-bearing control ewes. Following lactation, plots grazed by resistant ewes had substantially less contamination with T. colubriformis larvae, but there were no differences in numbers of T. circumcincta larvae. Our results demonstrate that sheep bred for worm resistance has lower worm burdens during the peri-parturient phase and that lambs born to resistant ewes face a lower larval challenge during their introduction to grazing. In our environment, selection for low worm egg counts has produced sheep highly resistant to T. colubriformis, but has had less impact on resistance towards T. circumcincta.

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“…It also enhances activation of and killing by mature eosinophils [3] and is involved in their local recruitment [4]. Eosinophilia is a consistent feature accompanying parasite and fungal infections in humans [5], mice [2] and sheep [6], with marked infiltration of mucosal tissues occurring after infection with gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes [7]. In an attempt to delineate the role of IL-5 and eosinophilia in worm infections, Coffman et al [3] showed that a mAb which neutralizes murine IL-5 abrogated the blood and tissue eosinophilia following infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, although this had no effect on parasite sur- vival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin‐5 mRNA expressed by eosinophils and γ/δ T cells in parasite‐immune sheep

et al. 1996

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Interleukin (IL)-5 is produced by variety of cell types and contributes to both lymphocyte development an eosinophil terminal differentiation in vitro. The coincidence of worm expulsion and eosinophilia in sheep infected with the gastrointestinal nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis suggest that eosinophils may be involved as effector cells in host immunity against parasite infection. The role of IL-5 in this process was investigated by observing the distribution of IL-5 mRNA+ cells in the small intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and Peyer's patches (PP) by an in situ hybridization technique using a murine IL-5 riboprobe. IL-5 mRNA+ cells were distributed throughout the lamina propria (LP) of the small intestine from the tips of the villi to the muscularis mucosae and in the parafollicular areas of MLN and PP in both naive and immune sheep. The phenotypes of IL-5 mRNA+ cells was explored by simultaneous eosin and immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal antibody recognizing the T19 marker, which identifies a major subset of gamma/delta TCR+ cells in sheep. In immune sheep, there was about a five-fold increase in the number of eosinophils and IL-5 cell mRNA+ cells in the LP, but there was no significant change in numbers of T19+ cells. Most of the IL-5 mRNA cells in the LP were eosinophils, but many of the T19+ cells also expressed IL-5 mRNA. In contrast, there were fewer eosinophils than T19+ cells in MLN of immune sheep and, compared to controls, a three-fold increase in T19+ cells and a five-fold increase in T19+/IL-5 mRNA+ double positive cells observed in immune sheep. In PP, there were very few eosinophils but substantial numbers of T19+ cells; however, no significant differences in numbers of eosinophils, T19+ or IL-5 mRNA+ cells were observed between control and immune sheep. These results indicate that in sheep, both eosinophils and gamma/delta T cells are capable of IL-5 expression and suggest that IL-5 is an important regulatory factor in autocrine and paracrine activation of effector cells involved in parasite immune expulsion.

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A serial study of rejection of Trichostrongylus colubriformis by immune sheep

Cited by 87 publications

References 29 publications

Proteomic approach to identify candidate effector molecules during the in vitro immune exclusion of infectiveTeladorsagia circumcinctain the abomasum of sheep

Proteomic approach to identify candidate effector molecules during the in vitro immune exclusion of infectiveTeladorsagia circumcinctain the abomasum of sheep

Merino ewes bred for parasite resistance reduce larval contamination onto pasture during the peri-parturient period

Interleukin‐5 mRNA expressed by eosinophils and γ/δ T cells in parasite‐immune sheep

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