A sensor for investigating the interaction between biologically important heavy metals and glutathione

Abstract

Glutathione (GSH) is a water-soluble tripeptide playing a crucial role in the number of cellular reactions including detoxification of heavy metals. Glutathione can be found both in an oxidized (GSSG) and reduced (GSH) state. The aim of this paper was to use electrochemical methods to determine glutathiones and to investigate interactions of GSH and cadmium, zinc, copper and nickel ions or feed additive for animal nutrition. It clearly follows from the results that GSH and GSSG can be distinguished by cyclic voltammetry whereas the level of their current response is proportional to their concentration. Moreover, we studied these interactions by cyclic voltammetry. Marked changes in the GSH signal were observed and discussed. The highest decrease in a GSH reductive signal is caused by cadmium ions followed by zinc, nickel and copper ones. We also observed that the reductive GSH signal gradually decreased (about 9%) with the increasing concentration of feed additive used in our experiments. In conclusion, cyclic voltammetry offers a tool for studying interactions of thiols with different substances such as heavy metals and/or feed additives. Keywords:

Multi-instrumental Investigation of Affecting of Early Somatic Embryos of Spruce by Cadmium(II) and Lead(II) Ions

“…PCs have a basic formula (γ-Glu-Cys)n-Gly (n = 2 to 11) and form M-PC complexes with the heavy metals (M), in which the metal is bound via the cysteine unit SH group [1,6,7]. A very wide range of analytical techniques, including both chromatographic coupled with different detectors and stationary ones, such as electrochemical methods, have been utilized for determination of thiols in samples of interest [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Beads-Based Electrochemical Assay for the Detection of Influenza Hemagglutinin Labeled with CdTe Quantum Dots

“…Influenza type A can be subtyped by different variants of NA (1-9) and HA (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), which differ from each other in virulence, host specificity and binding of HAs subtypes on human and/or avian glycan receptors [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Specific HA-glycan affinity has been exploited as the basis for isolation of various types of influenza viruses [25].…”

“…Combinations of HA (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) and NA (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) subtypes affect the biological properties of influenza viruses, especially their host range and virulence. HA is responsible for the initiation of the infection and it binds sialic acid on the host cell surface.…”

“…Before the presentation of the influenza vaccine on the pharmaceutical market rapid and sensitive analysis of vaccination antigens is necessary, especially for human immunization. As a detection system, electrochemical biosensors and bioassays have attracted considerable interest due to their high performance, miniaturized construction, and low costs [11][12][13][14][15]. In spite of the fact that quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MPs) are currently utilized, especially for in vivo and in vitro imaging, their application in the field of biosensing devices for influenza viruses could be also considered [16][17][18].…”

Possibilities of electrochemical techniques in metallothionein and lead detection in fish tissues

“…For smoothing and baseline correction the software GPES 4.4 supplied by EcoChemie was employed. An adsorptive transfer stripping technique (AdTS) (Húska et al, 2007) in connection with chronopotentiometric stripping analysis (CPSA) was used for the determination of metallothionein by recording the inverted time derivation of potential (dE/dt) -1 as a function potential E ( Figure 1B). Analysed metallothionein was reduced by 1mM TCEP according to and Petrlová et al (2006).…”