A sensitive method for the determination of xanthine oxidase activity

Al-Khalidi, Usama; Nasrallah, Salah M.; Khachadurian, Avedis K.; Shamma'a, Munir H.

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(65)90091-4

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…XOA assay. In the standard assay, adapted from the method of Al-Khalidi et al, the clear supernatant was preincubated at 37°C for 40 minutes in a shaking water bath (21). A suitable amount of enzyme protein and unlabeled xanthine was added to a 40 mM Tris-HC1 buffer, pH 8.0, containing (8-I4C) xanthine (ICN Pharmaceutical Inc., Irvine, California, specific activity 53.5 mCi/mmole) in a final volume of 500 pl and incubated for an additional 30 minutes at 37°C in a Dubnoff metabolic shaker.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat hepatic xanthine oxidase activity

Levinson

Chalker

1980

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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The effect of maturation, castration, and sex hormonal treatment on hepatic xanthine oxidase activity (XOA) was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats. In mature rats XOA was 59% greater in males than in females, whereas in the immature animal the differences between sexes were insignificant. Pubescence resulted in a twofold increase in activity in the male which was prevented by prepubertal orchiectomy. Conversely, prepubertal oophorectomy caused a twofold increase in XOA in females. Urinary uric acid excretion paralleled XOA in rats fed 1% oxonic acid. XOA was significantly elevated in females after postpubertal castration or testosterone treatment while orchiectomy or estradiol-17/? treatment in the mature male showed no effect. In summary, these data suggest that androgens are required during puberty for full expression of hepatic XOA, and furthermore, an ovarian suppressive effect is evident. In the adult rat only the female responds appreciably to hormonal manipulation.The influence of age and sex on the development of gout has been observed since ancient times (1). Population studies indicate that uric acid levels are lowest in childhood and diverge at puberty with female values about 1 mg/dl lower until menopause, at which time, the female values begin to approach male values (2-4). Wolfson et a1 attributed these variations to differences in the renal handling of uric acid, whereas more recent studies suggest either a permissive effect of androgens or an estrogen suppressive effect on blood urate values (5-In adult Wistar rats given short-term androgen or estrogen therapy, purine endproduct production was not significantly affected (1 1). Using prepubertal rats, Silverstein et a1 found age related increments in guanase and XOA although no sex differences were seen; moreover, adult enzyme activities were similar (1 2). No additional data are available regarding the effect of sex steroid hormones on uric acid production.A large body of information is available on the enzyme xanthine oxidase which catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid (13)(14)(15). Data on the induction of XOA by dietary protein manipulation in rats, allopurinol treatment of chicks, and enhanced urate precursor production by RNA and hypoxanthine feeding, and fructose infusion attest to the large number of potential factors controlling this particular enzyme.Because of the age and sex specific variations in urate concentration and the observed potential variability of XOA, we chose to reexamine the effects of gonadal tissue and exogenous sex steroid hormones on rat hepatic XOA. 10). MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental design. Sprague-Dawley rats were housed at room temperature in a light-dark environment and maintained on Purina chow and water ad libitum. Groups of

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat hepatic xanthine oxidase activity

Levinson

Chalker

1980

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…To date, the activity of xanthine oxidase has been determined by HPLC method for measuring the conversion of pterin to isoxanthopterin in human plasma [11][12][13][14][15], radiometric [16], fluorometric [17,18] and ELISA [19] methods in serum. The serum/plasma activities were reported to be very low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sensitive Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Quantitative Determination of Milk Xanthine Oxidase Activity

Li¹,

Guan²,

Liu³

2013

OJMC

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A new reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed to quantitate the activity of xanthine oxidase involved in milk fat globule membrane with xanthine as the substrate and the separation of product (uric acid). The increment of uric acid in the reaction system was used to calculate the total activity of XO. The optimized assay conditions, linearity of detection, recovery of uric acid and chromatogram were developed in text, indicating this method is simple, rapid and efficient. It is an alternative potential method for the determination of the activity of XO in milk.

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“…[2] developed a more sensitive method for its determination. The application of this radio-isotopic method established the value of SXO as a test for acute liver damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Xanthine Oxidase and Liver Disease

Ramboer¹,

Piessens²,

Groote³

1972

Digestion

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A recently-described assay for xanthine oxidase was used for the estimation of serum xanthine oxidase (SXO) in patients with a variety of liver disorders. SXO was markedly increased in acute viral hepatitis, and in some patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis. In other forms of chronic liver disease or obstructive jaundice, there was little or no increase of this enzyme in serum. The results of a study of experimental liver damage in rats suggest that SXO is more sensitive than serum aminotransferases in detecting acute liver damage.

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A sensitive method for the determination of xanthine oxidase activity

Cited by 37 publications

References 13 publications

Rat hepatic xanthine oxidase activity

Rat hepatic xanthine oxidase activity

A Sensitive Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Quantitative Determination of Milk Xanthine Oxidase Activity

Serum Xanthine Oxidase and Liver Disease

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