A sensitive method for extraction and determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds from wastewater using 10-ethyl-acridone-2-sulfonyl chloride as pre-column labeling reagent by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

Octadecylsilane/Nylon‐6 composite as a thin‐film microextraction sorbent for the determination of bisphenol A in water samples

“…It provides binding of hydrophobic compounds in a reverse‐phase mode due to its nonpolar properties. C 18 is the most common used sorbent in SPE, and commercial C 18 cartridges have already been used for the extraction of estrogens . The main disadvantages of SPE method are the high usage of sorbent amount (≥200 mg for each extraction) and toxic organic solvents, time consuming procedure and the facilities required for sample and solvent passing through the sorbent.…”

Comparison of two thin-film microextractions for the analysis of estrogens in aqueous tea extract and environmental water samples by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection

“…As can be seen, the detection limits of BPA, DES and E2 obtained by ODS-PAN-TFME and PEP-PAN-TFME coupled with HPLC-UV are competitive to those obtained by SBA-C18-SPE-HPLC-DAD (Gañán, Pérez-Quintanilla, Morante-Zarcero, & Sierra, 2013), SPE-derivatization-HPLC-FLD (Mao, Sun, Zhang, Li, & Wu, 2004) and MIP-polypropylene hollow fibre tuber (HFT)-HPLC-UV (Liu, Li, Qiu, Chen, & Chen, 2010). But they are higher than those obtained by other approaches including HF-LLLME-HPLC-UV (Chen et al, 2013), C18-SPE-HPLC-FLD (Zhang et al, 2012), Table 2 Comparison of detection limits (ng mL À1 ) with different sample preparations for the determination of estrogens in water samples followed by HPLC analysis. HF-LLLME: hollow fiber liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction; MM: magnetic-mediated; MP: micro-particle; MIP-HFT: molecularly imprinted polymer-coated polypropylene hollow fiber tuber; SBSE-LD: stir bar sorptive extraction and liquid desorption; SDME: single-drop microextraction.…”

“…PEP sorbent is a universal mixed-mode polymeric sorbent based on the hydrophobic poly (styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) polymer by surface-modified with urea functional groups, which presents a balanced retention of polar and non-polar analytes. Currently commercial ODS and PEP cartridges have been used for the extraction of estrogens (Ahn et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2012).…”

Endocrine disruptors: strategies for determination and occurrence in marine environments

“…Sample preparation techniques are specific for each sample type. Solid phase extraction (SPE), for instance, has been the preferred technique in studies of EDs in liquid samples (Anumol e Snyder, 2015;Melo e Brito, 2014;Richardson & Ternes, 2014;Lisboa et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2012;Richardson, 2012;Saravanabhavan et al, 2009;Fatoki & Noma, 2001). The SPE technique applied to aqueous samples has the advantage of aggregating three steps, i.e., extraction, clean up and preconcentration, in a single stage.…”

“…Shan et al (2014) analyzed BPA, 4-n-OP and 4-n-NP in tap and bottled water using SPE C18 with minimum detectable concentrations of 0.75-1.0 ng L -1 and the recoveries ranged from 87.0 % to 106.9%. Zhang et al (2012) used C18 as stationary phase in SPE and found limits of determination for OP, NP, E1, E2, E3, EE2 and BPA in wastewater below 0.8 ng L -1 , with recoveries higher than 80%. Ribeiro et al (2009) investigated the presence of estradiol, estrogen, 17α-ethinylestradiol, bisphenol A, 4-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol in estuarine waters, using Oasis HLB cartridges and found BPA concentrations up to 800 ng L -1 .…”