A Sensitive Hydroquinone Amperometric Sensor Based on a Novel Palladium Nanoparticle/Porous Silicon/Polypyrrole-Carbon Black Nanocomposite

Abstract

Exposure to hydroquinone (HQ) can cause various health hazards and negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, we developed an efficient electrochemical sensor to detect and quantify HQ based on palladium nanoparticles deposited in a porous silicon-polypyrrole-carbon black nanocomposite (Pd@PSi−PPy−C)-fabricated glassy carbon electrode. The structural and morphological characteristics of the newly fabricated Pd@PSi−PPy−C nanocomposite were investigated utilizing FESEM, TEM, EDS, XPS, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy. The exceptionally higher sensitivity of 3.0156 μAμM−1 cm−2 and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.074 μM were achieved for this innovative electrochemical HQ sensor. Applying this novel modified electrode, we could detect wide-ranging HQ (1–450 μM) in neutral pH media. This newly fabricated HQ sensor showed satisfactory outcomes during the real sample investigations. During the analytical investigation, the Pd@PSi−PPy−C/GCE sensor demonstrated excellent reproducibility, repeatability, and stability. Hence, this work can be an effective method in developing a sensitive electrochemical sensor to detect harmful phenol derivatives for the green environment.

Conducting Polymers in Amperometric Sensors: A State of the Art over the Last 15 Years with a Focus on Polypyrrole-, Polythiophene-, and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Based Materials

“…A nanocomposite consisting of porous silicon (PSi) nanoparticles, commercial polypyrrole-carbon black (PPy-C), and palladium nanoparticles (NPs) was deposited onto a glassy carbon electrode surface. The resulting Pd@PSi-PPy-C/GCE sensor [73] shows a good electrocatalytic activity towards HQ detection, with high sensitivity, low detection limit, and wide linear range. The authors suggest that this approach can be applied to the development of electrochemical sensors for the detection of environmental pollutants.…”

Electroless Deposition of Gold on a Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) Surface for Selective Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

“…Metal nanoparticles are essential in modern analytical chemistry as nanoparticles can be used to make sensors that provide better responses from organic and inorganic substances than ordinary metal surfaces. [18][19][20][21] Gold nanoparticles, in specifically, have proven to be ideal for creating customized electrodes. [22][23][24] As a result, many organic and inorganic molecules are physically chemisorbed on gold nanoparticles without losing their catalytic properties.…”

“…Metal nanoparticles are essential in modern analytical chemistry as nanoparticles can be used to make sensors that provide better responses from organic and inorganic substances than ordinary metal surfaces [18–21] . Gold nanoparticles, in specifically, have proven to be ideal for creating customized electrodes [22–24] .…”

Ion-Selective Electrodes in the Food Industry: Development Trends in the Potentiometric Determination of Ionic Pollutants

“…However, long-term exposure has been correlated to cytotoxicity and cancer [12]. Multiple electrochemical approaches have been reported to enable the detection of this compound, using inorganic materials such as FeWO 4 [14], palladium nanoparticles [15], and N-rGO/SrZrO 3 [13].…”