“…Because PEDOT:PSS is in direct contact with an electrolyte, OECTs can sensitively convert (bio)chemical signals into electronic ones, which make them particularly suitable for chemical and biological detection. Moreover, OECT devices combine several attractive advantages, like ease of fabrication, compatibility with flexible substrates, low operating voltage (<1 V), signal amplification and high transconductance, thereby having broad applications in ions [1], glucose [2,3,4,5], bacteria [6], dopamine [7,8,9], DNA [10,11], lactate [12], cell activities [13,14,15], and electrophysiological signals [16,17]. Of particular interest is the factor that a reference electrode is not necessary when used, and this feature is very important for wearable and textile sensors [18,19,20].…”