A sense of place: Pink salmon use a magnetic map for orientation

Putman, Nathan F.; Williams, Chase R.; Gallagher, Evan P.; Dittman, Andrew H.

doi:10.1242/jeb.218735

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Several groups of animals that migrate when young are now known to have magnetic maps which help them navigate along migratory pathways and/or remain in appropriate geographic areas (e.g., Lohmann et al 2001Lohmann et al , 2012Putman et al 2014cPutman et al , 2020. In most such cases, magnetic fields that exist in particular geographic regions elicit directional changes at crucial locations and boundaries.…”

Section: Magnetic Maps and Migratory Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic maps in animal navigation

et al. 2022

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In addition to providing animals with a source of directional or ‘compass’ information, Earth’s magnetic field also provides a potential source of positional or ‘map’ information that animals might exploit to assess location. In less than a generation, the idea that animals use Earth’s magnetic field as a kind of map has gone from a contentious hypothesis to a well-established tenet of animal navigation. Diverse animals ranging from lobsters to birds are now known to use magnetic positional information for a variety of purposes, including staying on track along migratory pathways, adjusting food intake at appropriate points in a migration, remaining within a suitable oceanic region, and navigating toward specific goals. Recent findings also indicate that sea turtles, salmon, and at least some birds imprint on the magnetic field of their natal area when young and use this information to facilitate return as adults, a process that may underlie long-distance natal homing (a.k.a. natal philopatry) in many species. Despite recent progress, much remains to be learned about the organization of magnetic maps, how they develop, and how animals use them in navigation.

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Section: Magnetic Maps and Migratory Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic maps in animal navigation

et al. 2022

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“…4C,D). Interestingly, salmon are known to possess both a magnetic 'compass' that enables them to use Earth's magnetic field as a directional cue (Quinn, 1980) and a magnetic 'map' that allows them, in effect, to assess their position within an ocean basin (Putman et al, 2014a(Putman et al, , 2020Putman, 2015;Scanlan et al, 2018). In principle, the mechanism underlying the compass, the map or both might have been affected by the magnetic pulse.…”

Section: Effect On Magnetic Compass or Magnetic Map?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetoreception in fishes: the effect of magnetic pulses on orientation of juvenile Pacific salmon

Naisbett-Jones

Putman²,

Scanlan

et al. 2020

Journal of Experimental Biology

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A variety of animals sense Earth's magnetic field and use it to guide movements over a wide range of spatial scales. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms that underlie magnetic field detection. Among teleost fish, growing evidence suggests that crystals of the mineral magnetite provide the physical basis of the magnetic sense. In this study, juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were exposed to a brief but strong magnetic pulse capable of altering the magnetic dipole moment of biogenic magnetite. Orientation behaviour of pulsed fish and untreated control fish was then compared in a magnetic coil system under two conditions: (1) the local magnetic field and (2) a magnetic field that exists near the southern boundary of the natural oceanic range of Chinook salmon. In the local field, no significant difference existed between the orientation of the control and pulsed groups. By contrast, orientation of the two groups was significantly different in the magnetic field from the distant site. These results demonstrate that a magnetic pulse can alter the magnetic orientation behaviour of a fish and are consistent with the hypothesis that salmon have magnetitebased magnetoreception.

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“…Magnetic maps have been shown to play an important role in long-distance movements (>75-100 km; e.g. by salmon, sea turtles, migratory birds and spiny lobsters; Chernetsov et al, 2017;Freake et al, 2006;Heyers et al, 2017;Kishkinev et al, 2015;Lohmann, 2007;Lohmann and Lohmann, 2006;Lohmann et al, 2007;Munro et al, 1997;Putman et al, 2020;Scanlan et al, 2018). Over distances of ∼10-50 km (at least in terrestrial environments), however, local irregularities in the MF caused by iron-containing minerals in the Earth's crust may make spatial variation in the MF an unreliable indicator of geographic position (Courtillotl et al, 1997;Lednor, 1982;Phillips, 1996;Vargas et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the use of a high-resolution magnetic map by a short-distance migrant, the Alpine newt (Ichthyosaura alpestris)

Diego-Rasilla

Phillips

2021

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Newts can use spatial variation in the magnetic field (MF) to derive geographic position, but it is unclear how they detect the ‘spatial signal’ which, over the distances that newts move in a day, is an order of magnitude lower than temporal variation in the MF. Newts take map readings using their light-dependent magnetic compass to align a magnetite-based ‘map detector’ relative to the MF. Time-of-day, location, and light exposure (required by the magnetic compass) were varied to determine when newts obtain map information. Newts were displaced from breeding ponds without access to route-based cues to sites where they were held and/or tested under diffuse natural illumination. We found that: (1) newts held overnight at the testing site under diffuse illumination exhibited accurate homing orientation, but not if transported to the testing site on the day of testing, (2) newts held overnight under diffuse lighting at a ‘false testing site’ and then tested at a site located in a different direction from their home pond, oriented in the home direction from the holding site, not from the site where they were tested, (3) newts held overnight in total darkness (except for light exposure for specific periods) only exhibited homing orientation the following day if exposed to diffuse illumination during the preceding evening twilight in the ambient MF. These findings demonstrate that, to determine the home direction, newts require access to light and the ambient MF during evening twilight when temporal variation in the MF is minimal.

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A sense of place: Pink salmon use a magnetic map for orientation

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Magnetic maps in animal navigation

Magnetic maps in animal navigation

Magnetoreception in fishes: the effect of magnetic pulses on orientation of juvenile Pacific salmon

Evidence for the use of a high-resolution magnetic map by a short-distance migrant, the Alpine newt (Ichthyosaura alpestris)

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