A semiquantative rating scale for the assessment of signal hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging

Scheltens, Philip; Barkhof, Frederik; Leys, D.; Pruvo, Jean‐Pierre; Nauta, J. J. P.; Vermersch, Patrick; Steinling, M.; Valk, J.

doi:10.1016/0022-510x(93)90041-v

Cited by 850 publications

(690 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We carried out a semiquantitative assessment of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) using the modified Fazekas scale [33,34], which assigns scores ranging from 0 to 3 for periventricular hyperintensities and deep WMHs. No fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) scans were available for one subject with diabetes and three control subjects.…”

Section: Measurement Of Bp Fasting Glucose and Hba 1cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis There is evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment. Most studies investigating this association have evaluated elderly individuals, after many years of diabetes, who generally have poor glycaemic control and significant vascular disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate the early cognitive consequences and associated brain correlates of type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods With regard to cognition and brain measures, we compared 23 age-, sex-and educationmatched control subjects with 23 mostly middle-aged individuals with relatively well-controlled diabetes of less than 10 years from the time of diagnosis. Results We found deficits in hippocampal-based memory performance and preservation of other cognitive domains. Relative to control subjects, individuals with diabetes had reductions in brain volumes that were restricted to the hippocampus. There was an inverse relationship between glycaemic control and hippocampal volume; in multivariate regression analysis, HbA 1c was the only significant predictor of hippocampal volume, accounting for 33% of the observed variance. Other variables commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as elevated BMI, hypertension or dyslipidaemia, did not independently contribute to the variance in hippocampal volume. Conclusions/interpretation These results suggest that the medial temporal lobe may be the first brain site affected by type 2 diabetes and that individuals in poorer metabolic control may be affected to a greater extent.

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Section: Measurement Of Bp Fasting Glucose and Hba 1cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

et al. 2007

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“…The images of all subjects were assessed using a standardized structured form (involvement of the lobar white matter (WM), periventricular white matter, centrum semiovale) and rated by using a modified version of the semiquantitative Scheltens scale (Scheltens et al 1993). …”

Section: Mr Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an attempt to quantify the white matter lesions, an adapted Scheltens score was used (Scheltens et al 1993). As in other studies, the MRI lesions score could be correlated with cumulated retrospective phenylalanine levels during the first 10 years of life, while correlation with phenylalanine levels at later age bands was poor (Moller et al 2003;Anastasoaie et al 2008).…”

Section: Mri Morphological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits and Metabolic Control in Adolescents and Young Adults with Phenylketonuria: Self-Imposed Protein Restriction May Be Harmful

et al. 2013

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Background: In untreated patients, phenylketonuria (PKU) results in severe encephalopathy with mental retardation. A protein-restricted diet is recommended which can be relaxed in adolescence/adulthood.Methods: We contacted all 72 adult/adolescent PKU patients who had been treated in our center during early childhood. Some still regularly attended our outpatient clinics, while others were lost for follow-up, giving 51 patients in our study. We asked all patients to complete a dietary protocol as well as a questionnaire on quality of life. Blood and urine were analyzed and body impedance plethysmography and cerebral MRI were performed.Results: 42 % of the patients followed protein restriction supplemented with amino acid mixtures (AAM), others had a vegan diet with (8 %) or without (14 %) AAM; 36 % said they were eating normally and did not need any AAM. However, based on dietary protocols and blood urea levels, protein intake was restricted in this patient group. None of the patients examined had serious nutritional deficits. Phenylalanine levels were higher in patients not taking AAM. MRI of the brain was not different from those following protein restriction and taking AAM. The lesions score and mood correlated best with the cumulative phenylalanine values during the first 10 years of life.Conclusion: In summary, 50 % of adult/adolescent patients from our center did not take AAM at the start of our survey although they unknowingly followed selfimposed protein restriction. They had no overt nutritional deficits; however, long-term brain function may be compromised. Our study emphasizes the need for specialized metabolic care in PKU during adulthood.

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“…Stroke diagnosis, side, arterial territory, 12 imaging TOAST criteria, 11 and leukoaraiosis 13 were assessed by 2 stroke neurologists or radiologists unaware of the clinical data. Patients with clinical stroke not confirmed by MRI or with prior stroke, defined as a hypersignal Ͼ10 mm in diameter, were excluded.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leukoaraiosis was assessed using Scheltens criteria. 13 This scale evaluates occipital and frontal caps; lateral ventricles bands (score 0 to 6) and white matter hyperintensities in frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes (score 0 to 24); basal ganglia (score 0 to 30); and infratentorial structures (score 0 to 24). The total score was recorded.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden Dysfunctioning in Subacute Stroke

Jaillard

Naëgelé

Trabucco-Miguel

et al. 2009

Stroke

153

116

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Background and Purpose-Determining cognitive dysfunctioning (CDF) after stroke is an important issue because it influences choices for management in terms of return to previous activities. Because previous research in subacute stroke has shown important variations in CDF rates, we aimed to describe the frequency and neuropsychological profile of CDF in subacute stroke outside dementia. We used a large battery of tests to screen any potentially hidden CDF. Methods-Patients with Mini-Mental State Examination scores Ն23 were prospectively and consecutively included 2 weeks after a first-ever ischemic brain infarct. Stroke features were based on MRI. Four domains were evaluated: instrumental and executive functions, episodic memory, and working memory (WM). Patients were scored using means and compared with education-and age-matched control subjects. Then we attributed Z-scores for each test and each domain. The most relevant cognitive tests characterizing CDF were determined using logistic regression.

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A semiquantative rating scale for the assessment of signal hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging

Cited by 850 publications

References 20 publications

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

Dietary Habits and Metabolic Control in Adolescents and Young Adults with Phenylketonuria: Self-Imposed Protein Restriction May Be Harmful

Hidden Dysfunctioning in Subacute Stroke

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