A semi-quantitative model for the burning rate of solid materials

Quintiere, James G.

doi:10.6028/nist.ir.4840

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this paper, we examine the integral model initially developed by Quintiere [18]. A one-dimensional pyrolysis model which includes the processes of charring, vaporisation, flame and heat conduction effects was proposed.…”

Section: Ignition and Burning Rate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting the piloted ignition of wood in the cone calorimeter using an integral model — effect of species, grain orientation and heat flux

Spearpoint

Quintiere

2001

Fire Safety Journal

202

113

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The integral model predictions and experimental data compare well at incident heat fluxes above around 20 kW/m 2 . At lower heat fluxes it was found that the ignition mechanism of wood is different from that at higher incident fluxes. This difference is believed to be due to char oxidation that precedes flaming ignition.The lowest radiant heat flux to cause ignition was found to be approximately 10 kW/m 2 depending on species, grain orientation or moisture content. Ignition at low heat fluxes could take up to 1½ hours.2 NOMENCLATURE α thermal diffusivity, [m 2 /s], absorptivity [-]

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Section: Ignition and Burning Rate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integral analysis for ignition was developed by Quintiere [18] assuming ignition based on a critical temperature of the surface due to an applied radiative heat flux. The thermal heating of the solid is depicted by a thermal penetration layer of depth δ(t) as shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: The Integral Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the piloted ignition of wood in the cone calorimeter using an integral model — effect of species, grain orientation and heat flux

Spearpoint

Quintiere

2001

Fire Safety Journal

202

113

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“…This notion is also used in e.g. [10][11][12][13]. The calculation then consists of solving a conduction problem, with an incoming heat flux and a moving boundary as the pyrolysis takes place.…”

Section: Discussion: Relation With Existing Pyrolysis Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For non-charring materials, it is common practice to work with a 'heat of gasification' at the pyrolysing surface and to consider a conduction problem in the solid materials (e.g. [2,[10][11][12][13][14]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An enthalpy-based pyrolysis model for charring and non-charring materials in case of fire

Wasan

Rauwoens

Vierendeels

et al. 2010

Combustion and Flame

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In a simulation of a developing fire, flame spread must be properly accounted for. The pyrolysis model is important in this respect. To that purpose, we develop a simplified enthalpy based pyrolysis model that is extendable to multi-dimensional solid-phase treatments. This model is to be coupled to gas phase turbulent combustion simulations. The description of the pyrolysis process is simplified in order to acquire short simulation times. In this paper, first, the basic thermodynamic description of pyrolysis phenomena is revisited for charring and non-charring materials, possibly containing moisture. The heat of pyrolysis is defined and its relation to the formation enthalpies of individual constituents is explained.Solving only one equation for enthalpy on a fixed computational mesh, provides a useful description of the transport of heat and the pyrolysis process inside the solid material. Models for e.g. char oxidation or complex transport of the pyrolysis gases or water vapour inside the solid material can be coupled to the present model. Next, numerical issues and implementation are discussed. We consider basic test cases with imposed external heat flux to a solid material that can be dry or contain moisture. We illustrate that continuous pyrolysis gases mass flow rates are obtained when a piecewise linear representation of the temperature field is adopted on the fixed computational mesh. With constant temperature per computational cell, discontinuities, with sudden drops to zero, are encountered, as reported in the literature. We show that the present model formulation is robust with respect to numerical aspects (cell size and time step) and that the model performs well for variable external heat fluxes. For charring and non-charring materials, we validate the model results by means of numerical reference test cases and experimental data. By means of a numerical test case, we show that the model, when coupled to CFD calculations, is able to simulate flame spread.

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“…A range of empirical formulations based on experimental data obtained from the cone calorimeter or furniture calorimeter tests, to semiempirical models [1][2][3] that consider transient heat conduction, to comprehensive models [4,5] based on advanced descriptions of the in-solid heat and mass transfer processes, have been developed. Comprehensive pyrolysis models adopt a material science perspective, and describe the heat-driven physical-chemical transformation of the virgin solid into solid, liquid and gaseous products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Characterization of a Lineal Low Density Polyethylene

Capote¹,

Alvear²,

Abreu³

et al. 2011

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the 10th International Sym

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A set of parameters for pyrolysis characterization of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) were chosen to measure its combustion behaviour. Two kinds of parameters were selected, material and reaction. The material parameters were: effective values of the mass density (ρ); specific heat capacity (c); thermal conductivity (k); absorption coefficient (қ) and emissivity (ε). The reaction parameters were the exponential factor (Z), the energy of activation (Ε) and the reaction mechanism f(α). In addition simultaneous thermal analysis (STA) tests were carried out at heating rates of 2, 5 and 10 K/min in N 2 atmosphere to obtain the kinetic triplet and cone calorimeter tests at irradiance levels of 25, 40, 50 and 75 kW/m 2 to compare the simulated mass loss rate against real mass loss rate. Finally the cone calorimeter tests were used as input values to optimize the parameter set to perform real mass loss rate.

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A semi-quantitative model for the burning rate of solid materials

Cited by 39 publications

References 4 publications

Predicting the piloted ignition of wood in the cone calorimeter using an integral model — effect of species, grain orientation and heat flux

Predicting the piloted ignition of wood in the cone calorimeter using an integral model — effect of species, grain orientation and heat flux

An enthalpy-based pyrolysis model for charring and non-charring materials in case of fire

Pyrolysis Characterization of a Lineal Low Density Polyethylene

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