A self-oscillating gel actuator driven by ferroin

Arimura, Takashi; Mukai, Makio

doi:10.1039/c4cc01613k

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Both the redox potential and transmittance oscillate spontaneously in homogenous system. Arimura et al [17] also obtained poly(NIPAAm-co-Fe(phen) 3 ) gel. When the gel is immersed into the BZ reaction solution, a redox oscillation of ferroin can be observed and the gel can exhibit 7 % swelling/deswelling variation in the gel length.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Preparation and characterization of poly(NIPAAm-co-AMPS-co-Fe(phen)3) self-oscillating copolymers

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2016

Colloid Polym Sci

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A novel self-oscillating copolymer was prepared by utilizing Fe(phen) 3 as the catalyst of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction. In this study, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) was n e w l y i n t r o d u c e d i n t o t h e c o p o l y m e r o f Nisopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and Fe(phen) 3 as the H + providing agent for the BZ reaction. The results indicated that the copolymer solution underwent solubleinsoluble self-oscillation only in malonic acid (MA) and potassium bromate(KBrO 3 ) mixture solution, and the amplitudes were much bigger than those of poly(NIPAAm-co-Fe(phen) 3 ). That is to say, the novel copolymer succeeds in self-oscillating under acid-free conditions. Moreover, the oscillating characteristics were closely related to the content of AMPS in the copolymer.

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Section: +mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The singlet at δ = 4.61 was the solvent peak of D 2 O. The signals for 1,10-phenanthroline rings were observed between 7.12 and 8.55 ppm [17]. Due to the substituents, the steric hindrance, and the shielding effect, the chemical shift moved to the low field slightly.…”

Section: H Nmr Spectroscopy Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Preparation and characterization of poly(NIPAAm-co-AMPS-co-Fe(phen)3) self-oscillating copolymers

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2016

Colloid Polym Sci

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“…Recently, Arimura et al synthesized the self-oscillating crosslinked gel with the Fe(phen) 3 [28], which exhibited 7 % change in the gel length corresponding to the swelling-deswelling oscillation. In our previous work [29], we synthesized the selfoscillating polymer chain with the Fe(phen) 3 moiety, which acted as the metal catalyst for the BZ reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of initial substrate concentrations of the BZ reaction on self-oscillating of polymer chains with Fe(phen)3 catalyst

et al. 2015

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Self-oscillation for the poly(NIPAAm-coFe(phen) 3 ) solution induced by the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction was studied by changing initial substrate concentrations (i.e., malonic acid, potassium bromate, and sulphuric acid) of the BZ reaction and the concentration of polymer solution. The results showed that the self-oscillation could be controlled by changing the initial substrate concentrations of polymer and potassium bromate. However, the oscillation behavior was insensitive to the concentration of malonic acid and sulphuric acid.

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“…These are complex, coupled multi-reaction systems, operating far from equilibrium, with positive and negative feedback loops that cause the reaction coordinate to transition between different concentration states. 14, 15 These reactions have been incorporated into ionic liquids, 16,17 along with polymers and gels, [18][19][20][21] where they have generated unassisted or autonomous movement through swelling/deswelling events. The most famous example, the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, involves the oxidation of an organic substrate, typically malonic acid, by bromate in the presence of an excess of strong acid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most famous example, the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, involves the oxidation of an organic substrate, typically malonic acid, by bromate in the presence of an excess of strong acid. 14,15,22 The overall shift in concentration is monitored through a redox catalyst such as cerium IV, 22,23 a variety of ruthenium complexes, 21,24,25 ferroin, 18,26,27 that are conveniently redox and/or photo-active. The BZ reaction has been widely studied in many experimental configurations 22,28 including in confined environment by incorporating it inside synthetic vesicles for example.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy of Belousov–Zhabotinsky Reaction: How Confined Oscillations Reveal Short Lived Radicals and Auto-Catalytic Species

Stockmann

Noël

Ristori³

et al. 2015

Anal. Chem.

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Oscillating chemical reactions, encapsulated within artificial vesicles have been demonstrated as a powerful analogy of living cells for the investigation of chemical communication and morphogenesis. However, little is understood with regards to the influence of confinement on the reactivity of such systems. Herein, the effect of confinement on the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) oscillating reaction in bulk solution, (employing ferroin as a catalyst and malonic acid as the organic substrate) is investigated using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) toward different insulating surfaces such as glass, silanized glass, or PTFE. An unexpected increase in the amplitude of the BZ reaction at a tip-substrate distance of ∼12-15 μm is observed. By simulating different reaction mechanisms, from simple EC' catalysis to more sophisticated Oregonator or even an 11-reaction scheme, it is shown that such behavior reveals the intervention of redox catalysis processes and particularly the short-lived highly reactive radical intermediate BrO2(•) indirectly detected at micromolar concentrations. The reinspection of the EC' mechanism shows that the homogeneous catalysis route is confirmed and kinetically characterized from SECM toward an insulating substrate, with promising potentiality in many systems. More specifically to the complex chemical case of BZ reactions, the mechanism is understood from the envelope curves of the oscillations, which are assessed in the absence of the oscillation (absence of organic substrate).

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A self-oscillating gel actuator driven by ferroin

Abstract: In the wake of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction catalyzed by ferroin, the swelling-deswelling oscillating soft actuator exhibits 7 min period of self-oscillation for the first time.

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Preparation and characterization of poly(NIPAAm-co-AMPS-co-Fe(phen)3) self-oscillating copolymers

Preparation and characterization of poly(NIPAAm-co-AMPS-co-Fe(phen)3) self-oscillating copolymers

Effect of initial substrate concentrations of the BZ reaction on self-oscillating of polymer chains with Fe(phen)3 catalyst

Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy of Belousov–Zhabotinsky Reaction: How Confined Oscillations Reveal Short Lived Radicals and Auto-Catalytic Species

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