A self-defense redox mediator for efficient lithium–O<sub>2</sub> batteries

Zhang, Tao; Liao, Kaiming; He, Ping; Zhou, Haoshen

doi:10.1039/c5ee02803e

Cited by 234 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…After a full discharge, the insoluble MgI 2 product could be observed in the cell. The colour change phenomena from I 3 − to I − was also observed in related researches on I 3 − /I − redox23. Because of lack of standard Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) peaks for I 3 − species, the FT-IR spectra of I 2 , I − and I 3 − were first characterized as references (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

et al. 2017

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Rechargeable magnesium batteries have attracted considerable attention because of their potential high energy density and low cost. However, their development has been severely hindered because of the lack of appropriate cathode materials. Here we report a rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery, in which the soluble iodine reacts with Mg2+ to form a soluble intermediate and then an insoluble final product magnesium iodide. The liquid–solid two-phase reaction pathway circumvents solid-state Mg2+ diffusion and ensures a large interfacial reaction area, leading to fast reaction kinetics and high reaction reversibility. As a result, the rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery shows a better rate capability (180 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C and 140 mAh g−1 at 1 C) and a higher energy density (∼400 Wh kg−1) than all other reported rechargeable magnesium batteries using intercalation cathodes. This study demonstrates that the liquid–solid two-phase reaction mechanism is promising in addressing the kinetic limitation of rechargeable magnesium batteries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

et al. 2017

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“…[109] The I − anions act as the RM to catalyst Li 2 O 2 oxidation, while In 3+ will be electrochemically reduce on the Li anode prior to Li + during charging, forming a stable protective In-Li alloy layer to prevent I − reduction. Since RM + is soluble in the electrolyte, it will diffuse to the anode side and be reduced there.…”

Section: Electrolyte Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies Toward Stable Nonaqueous Alkali Metal–O₂ Batteries

Zhang

Huang

Liu

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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Alkali metal–O2 batteries, by coupling high‐capacity alkali metal anodes with gaseous oxygen, possess extremely high gravimetric energy density that is comparable to gasoline and are potential energy storage technologies beyond lithium–ion batteries. The development of alkali metal–O2 batteries has achieved great progress in recent years, from materials to prototype devices and on fundamental mechanisms. The stability of alkali metal–O2 batteries is still poor, however, leading to a huge gap between laboratory research and commercial applications. A series of parasitic reactions result in the instability, which occur during electrochemical discharging and charging. The ubiquitous active oxygen species attack both the organic electrolyte and the carbon cathode, triggering various parasitic reactions. Meanwhile, dendrite growth and volume expansion upon repeated plating/stripping and O2 crossover severely limit the reversibility of alkali metal anodes. Here, an overview of the strategies against these issues is given to improve the stability of nonaqueous alkali metal–O2 batteries, which is discussed from three aspects: air cathodes, alkali metal anodes, and aprotic electrolytes. Furthermore, perspectives for future research of stable alkali metal–O2 batteries are outlined.

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“…The observation of a severe decomposition of the carbonate-based electrolyte led researchers to consider ether solvents instead, due to their relatively high stability and the facile formation of a stable discharge product (Li 2 O 2 ), as proposed by Bryantsev and Faglioni [149] However, Bruce and co-workers verified that the amount of Li 2 O 2 as a discharge product decreased in ether-based electrolytes during long-term cycling, while larger quantities of other lithium compounds were formed as discharge products. [150] This proposed mechanism suggests that ether-based electrolytes could be improved by replacing the reactive hydrogen on the solvent molecules. [150] This proposed mechanism suggests that ether-based electrolytes could be improved by replacing the reactive hydrogen on the solvent molecules.…”

Section: Non-aqueous Electrolyte Reactions: the Effect Of Byproductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Energy‐Density Metal–Oxygen Batteries: Lithium–Oxygen Batteries vs Sodium–Oxygen Batteries

et al. 2017

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The development of next-generation energy-storage devices with high power, high energy density, and safety is critical for the success of large-scale energy-storage systems (ESSs), such as electric vehicles. Rechargeable sodium-oxygen (Na-O ) batteries offer a new and promising opportunity for low-cost, high-energy-density, and relatively efficient electrochemical systems. Although the specific energy density of the Na-O battery is lower than that of the lithium-oxygen (Li-O ) battery, the abundance and low cost of sodium resources offer major advantages for its practical application in the near future. However, little has so far been reported regarding the cell chemistry, to explain the rate-limiting parameters and the corresponding low round-trip efficiency and cycle degradation. Consequently, an elucidation of the reaction mechanism is needed for both lithium-oxygen and sodium-oxygen cells. An in-depth understanding of the differences and similarities between Li-O and Na-O battery systems, in terms of thermodynamics and a structural viewpoint, will be meaningful to promote the development of advanced metal-oxygen batteries. State-of-the-art battery design principles for high-energy-density lithium-oxygen and sodium-oxygen batteries are thus reviewed in depth here. Major drawbacks, reaction mechanisms, and recent strategies to improve performance are also summarized.

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A self-defense redox mediator for efficient lithium–O₂ batteries

Abstract: InI3, a self-defense redox mediator, can form a pre-deposited indium layer to resist the synchronous attack on a Li anode by the soluble I3−, and hence can suppress the shuttle effect in lithium–O2 batteries.

Cited by 234 publications

References 25 publications

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

Strategies Toward Stable Nonaqueous Alkali Metal–O₂ Batteries

High‐Energy‐Density Metal–Oxygen Batteries: Lithium–Oxygen Batteries vs Sodium–Oxygen Batteries

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A self-defense redox mediator for efficient lithium–O2 batteries

Abstract: InI3, a self-defense redox mediator, can form a pre-deposited indium layer to resist the synchronous attack on a Li anode by the soluble I3−, and hence can suppress the shuttle effect in lithium–O2 batteries.

Cited by 234 publications

References 25 publications

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

Strategies Toward Stable Nonaqueous Alkali Metal–O2 Batteries

High‐Energy‐Density Metal–Oxygen Batteries: Lithium–Oxygen Batteries vs Sodium–Oxygen Batteries

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Product

Resources

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A self-defense redox mediator for efficient lithium–O₂ batteries

Strategies Toward Stable Nonaqueous Alkali Metal–O₂ Batteries